ES.

These two sacs are situated above the throat, and communicate with the
pharynx, as well as with the cavity of the tympanum of the ear. They are
peculiar to solipeds. Normally, they contain air. Their function is
unknown.

One or both guttural pouches may contain pus. The symptoms are as
follows: Swelling on the side below the ear and an intermittent
discharge of matter from one or both nostrils, especially when the head
is depressed.

The swelling is soft, and, if pressed upon, matter will escape from the
nose if the head is depressed. As before mentioned, these pouches
communicate with the pharynx, and through this small opening matter may
escape. A recovery is probable if the animal is turned out to graze, or
if he is fed from the ground, as the dependent position of the head
favors the escape of matter from the pouches. In addition to this, give
the tonics recommended for nasal gleet. If this treatment fails, an
operation must be performed, which should not be attempted by any one
unacquainted with the anatomy of the part.

BRONCHITIS AND BRONCHO-PNEUMONIA.

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes. When this
inflammation extends to the air sacs at the termini of the smallest
branches of the bronchial tubes, the disease is broncho-pneumonia.
Bronchitis affecting the larger tubes is less serious than when the
smaller are involved. The disease may be either acute or chronic. The
causes are generally much the same as for other diseases of the
respiratory organs, noticed in the beginning of this article. The
special causes are these: The inhalation of irritating gases and smoke
and fluids or solids gaining access to the parts. Bronchitis is
occasionally associated with influenza and other specific fevers. It
also supervenes on common cold or sore throat.

_Symptoms._--The animal appears dull; the appetite is partially or
wholly lost; the head hangs; the breathing is quickened; the cough, at
first dry, and having somewhat the character of a "barking cough," is
succeeded in a few days by a moist, rattling cough; the mouth is hot;
the visible membranes in the nose are red; the pulse is frequent, and
during the first stage is hard and quick, but as the disease advances
becomes smaller and more frequent. There is a discharge from the
nostrils that is at first whitish, but later becomes creamy or frothy,
still later it is sometimes tinged with blood, and occasionally it may
be of a brownish or rusty