reathing pores, or by touching them with a hot penknife they will be
impelled to let go their hold.

GRUBS IN SKIN.

PARASITE: _Hypoderma lineata_. MALADY: _Larvae_ (_grubs_) _under the
skin_.--The larvae of a fly (probably _Hypoderma lineata_, whose larvae in
the skin of cattle are commonly known as "warbles") are occasionally
found in little sacs beneath the skin of horses. The mature larva
escapes in early summer and develops into a fly. In districts where they
exist the grubs should be pressed out of the skin in the course of the
winter and destroyed.

LARVAE (GRUBS) ON THE SKIN, OR FLYBLOW.

The following flies, among others, deposit their eggs on open sores or
on wet, filthy parts of the skin, where their larvae or grubs give rise
to serious trouble: _Lucilia caesar_ (bluebottle), _Cochliomyia
macellaria_ (screwworm fly), _Musca vomitoria_ (meat fly), and
_Sarcophaga carnaria_ (flesh fly). To prevent their attacks, wet, filthy
hair should be removed and wounds kept clean and rendered antiseptic by
a lotion of carbolic acid 1 part, water 50 parts, or by a mixture of 1
ounce oil of tar in 20 ounces sweet oil, or by some other antiseptic. If
the grubs are already present they should be picked off and one of these
dressings freely applied.

FLIES.

A number of flies attack horses and suck their blood, producing great
annoyance and in some instances death. These insects not only suck the
blood, but also often instill an acid poison into the skin, and in
exceptional cases transfer infectious germs from animal to animal by
inoculation.

Various devices are resorted to to prevent the attacks, as to sponge the
skin with a decoction of walnut or elder leaves, of tobacco, to dust
with Persian insect powder, to keep a light blanket or fly net on the
horse, to close doors and windows with fine screens and destroy by
pyrethrum any flies that have gained admission, to remove all manure
heaps that would prove breeding places for flies, to keep the stalls
clean, deodorize by gypsum, and to spread in them trays of dry chlorid
of lime. For the poisoned bites apply ammonia, or a solution of 1 part
of carbolic acid in 20 parts of sweet oil or glycerin, or one-fourth
ounce bicarbonate of soda and 1 dram of carbolic acid in a quart of
water may be used.

A large number of fly repellents have been recommended, but most of them
must be applied daily in order to maintain the protective effect. Among
the things used are car