he bitten part, which is
followed by labored breathing, weakness, retching, fever, and death from
collapse. The animal usually recovers if it can be kept alive over the
third day. In treating the animal, a tight ligature should be passed
about the part above the wound to keep the poison from entering the
general circulation. Wash out the wound thoroughly with antiseptics and
then apply a caustic, such as silver nitrate, or burn with a hot
instrument. A subcutaneous injection of one-fourth dram of 1 per cent
solution of chromic acid above the wound is also beneficial. Cold water
may be applied to the wound to combat the inflammation. Bites of rabid
dogs produce an infected wound, and the virus of rabies introduced in
this manner should be removed or destroyed in the wound. Therefore
produce considerable bleeding by incising the wound, wash out thoroughly
with 10 per cent solution of zinc chlorid, and then apply caustics or
the actual cautery.

HARNESS GALLS (SITFASTS).

Wounds or abrasions of the skin are frequently caused by ill-fitting
harness or saddles. When a horse has been resting from steady work for
some time, particularly after being idle in a stable on a scanty
allowance of grain, as in winter, he is soft and tender and sweats
easily when put to work again. In this condition he is liable to sweat
and chafe under the harness, especially if it is hard and poorly fitted.
This chafing is likely to cause abrasions of the skin, and thus pave the
way for an abscess or for a chronic blemish, unless attended to very
promptly. Besides causing the animal considerable pain, chafing, if long
continued, leads to the formation of a callosity. This may be
superficial, involving only the skin, or it may be deep-seated,
involving the subcutaneous fibrous tissue and sometimes the muscle and
even the bone. This causes a dry slough to form, which is both
inconvenient and unsightly. Sloughs of this kind are commonly called
"sitfasts" and, while they occur in other places, are most frequently
found under the saddle. (See also p. 475.)

_Treatment._--Abrasions are best prevented by bringing the animal
gradually into working shape after it has had a prolonged rest, in order
that the muscles may be hard and the skin tough. The harness should be
well fitted, neither too large nor too small, and it should be cleaned
and oiled to remove all dirt and to make it soft and pliable. Saddles
should be properly fitted so as to prevent direct