is Constitution as under the Confederation.

Clause 2. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which
shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which
shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the
supreme law of the land; and the judges in every state shall be bound
thereby, any thing in the Constitution or laws of any state to the
contrary notwithstanding.

Clause 3. The senators and representatives before mentioned, and the
members of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and
judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several states,
shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution; but
no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any
office or public trust under the United States.

ARTICLE VII. RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION.

The ratification of the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient
for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so
ratifying the same.

Done in Convention, by the unanimous consent of the states present, the
seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven
hundred and eighty-seven, and of the Independence of the United States
of America the twelfth. In witness whereof, we have hereunto subscribed
our names.

GEORGE WASHINGTON, President and Deputy from Virginia.

New Hampshire.--John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman.

Massachusetts.--Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King.

Connecticut.--Wm. Samuel Johnson, Roger Sherman.

New York.--Alexander Hamilton.

New Jersey.--William Livingston, William Patterson, David Brearley,
Jonathan Dayton.

Pennsylvania,--Benjamin Franklin, Robert Morris, Thomas Fitzsimons,
James Wilson, Thomas Mifflin, George Clymer, Jared Ingersoll, Gouverneur
Morris.

Delaware.--George Read, John Dickinson, Jacob Broom, Gunning Bedford,
Jr., Richard Bassett.

Maryland.--James M'Henry, Daniel Carroll, Daniel of St. Tho. Jenifer.

Virginia.--John Blair, James Madison, Jr.

North Carolina.--William Blount, Hugh Williamson, Richard Dobbs Spaight.

South Carolina.--John Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Pierce
Butler.

Georgia.--William Few, Abraham Baldwin.

Attest, WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary.

AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION.

ARTICLES I--X. _Bill of Rights._

ARTICLE I. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the