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all the Oceanic population occupy islands. This explains the term _Oceanic_. Their _distribution_ is as remarkable as their _extension_. The Amphinesian[64] stream of population, originating in the peninsula of Malacca, is continued through Borneo, the Moluccas, and the Philippines, Lord North's Island, Sonsoral, the Pelew group, the Caroline and Marianne Isles, the Ralik and Radack chains, the Kingsmill group and the Gilbert and Scarborough Islands, to the Navigators', Society, Friendly, Marquesas, Sandwich, and New Zealand groups; having become _Micronesian_ rather than _Protonesian_, after passing the Philippines, and _Proper Polynesian_ rather than _Micronesian_, after passing the Scarborough and Gilbert Archipelagoes. In this course it passes _round_ New Guinea and Australia; in each of which islands the population is Kelaenonesian. The Malay of the Malacca peninsula is no longer either monosyllabic or uninflectional, although in immediate contact with the southern dialects of the Siamese. Hence, the transition is abrupt; although by no means conclusive as to any broad and trenchant line of ethnological demarcation. The differences of physical form are less than those of language. No one has denied that the Malay configuration is a modification of the Mongolian--_at least in some of its varieties_. I say _at least in some of its varieties_, because within the narrow range of the Malaccan peninsula and the island of Borneo we find no less than three different types. In _Polynesia_ one of these, and in _Kelaenonesia_ another becomes exaggerated--so much so, as to suggest the idea of a different origin for the populations. _a._ The _Malays_ are referable to the first type. Mahometans in religion, they partake of the civilization of the Arab and Indian, and differ but slightly from the Indo-Chinese nations; the complexion being dark and the hair straight. The Mahometan Malays, however, are no true aborigines. They are not only a new people on the peninsula, but they consider themselves as such; and those occupants which they recognize as older than themselves, they call _Orang Binua_, or _men of the soil_. Of these some have a darker complexion and crisper hair than the intruding population: and when we reach a particular section called-- _b._ The _Semang_, we find them described as having curly, crisp, matted, and even woolly hair, thick lips, and a black skin. These, like most of the other _Orang Binua_,
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