ence of their name, and ambitious to emulate their hero
Charlemagne, [9] who, in the popular romance of Turpin, [10] had
achieved the conquest of the Holy Land. A latent motive of affection or
vanity might influence the choice of Urban: he was himself a native of
France, a monk of Clugny, and the first of his countrymen who ascended
the throne of St. Peter. The pope had illustrated his family and
province; nor is there perhaps a more exquisite gratification than to
revisit, in a conspicuous dignity, the humble and laborious scenes of
our youth.

[Footnote 3: Ultra quinquaginta millia, si me possunt in expeditione pro
duce et pontifice habere, armata manu volunt in inimicos Dei insurgere
et ad sepulchrum Domini ipso ducente pervenire, (Gregor. vii. epist. ii.
31, in tom. xii. 322, concil.)]

[Footnote 4: See the original lives of Urban II. by Pandulphus Pisanus
and Bernardus Guido, in Muratori, Rer. Ital. Script. tom. iii. pars i.
p. 352, 353.]

[Footnote 5: She is known by the different names of Praxes, Eupraecia,
Eufrasia, and Adelais; and was the daughter of a Russian prince, and the
widow of a margrave of Brandenburgh. (Struv. Corpus Hist. Germanicae, p.
340.)]

[Footnote 6: Henricus odio eam coepit habere: ideo incarceravit eam,
et concessit ut plerique vim ei inferrent; immo filium hortans ut eam
subagitaret, (Dodechin, Continuat. Marian. Scot. apud Baron. A.D. 1093,
No. 4.) In the synod of Constance, she is described by Bertholdus, rerum
inspector: quae se tantas et tam inauditas fornicationum spur citias, et
a tantis passam fuisse conquesta est, &c.; and again at Placentia: satis
misericorditer suscepit, eo quod ipsam tantas spurcitias pertulisse pro
certo cognoverit papa cum sancta synodo. Apud Baron. A.D. 1093, No. 4,
1094, No. 3. A rare subject for the infallible decision of a pope and
council. These abominations are repugnant to every principle of human
nature, which is not altered by a dispute about rings and crosiers. Yet
it should seem, that the wretched woman was tempted by the priests to
relate or subscribe some infamous stories of herself and her husband.]

[Footnote 7: See the narrative and acts of the synod of Placentia,
Concil. tom. xii. p. 821, &c.]

[Footnote 8: Guibert, himself a Frenchman, praises the piety and valor
of the French nation, the author and example of the crusades: Gens
nobilis, prudens, bellicosa, dapsilis et nitida .... Quos enim Britones,
Anglos, Ligures, si bonis eos morib