e: 18 years of age

Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 38,866,147 (2001
est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49:
30,337,743 (2001 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males:
1,242,778 (2001 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $NA

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: NA%

Russia Transnational Issues

Disputes - international: dispute over at least two small sections
of the boundary with China remains to be settled, despite 1997
boundary agreement; islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, and Shikotan and
the Habomai group occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945, now
administered by Russia, claimed by Japan; Caspian Sea boundaries are
not yet determined among Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and
Turkmenistan; Estonian and Russian negotiators reached a technical
border agreement in December 1996, which has not been signed or
ratified by Russia as of February 2001; draft treaty delimiting the
boundary with Latvia has not been signed; 1997 border agreement with
Lithuania not yet ratified; has made no territorial claim in
Antarctica (but has reserved the right to do so) and does not
recognize the claims of any other nation; Svalbard is the focus of a
maritime boundary dispute between Norway and Russia

Illicit drugs: limited cultivation of illicit cannabis and opium
poppy and producer of amphetamine, mostly for domestic consumption;
government has active eradication program; increasingly used as
transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian opiates and
cannabis and Latin American cocaine to Western Europe, possibly to
the US, and growing domestic market; major source of heroin
precursor chemicals; corruption and organized crime are major
concerns; heroin an increasing threat in domestic drug market

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@Rwanda

Rwanda Introduction

Background: In 1959, three years before independence, the majority
ethnic group, the Hutus overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the
next several years thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000
driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these
exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)
and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political
and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions culminating in
April 1994 in the genocide of roughly 800,000 Tuts