hich now has a population of
about 2500, has become more important than Bamp[=u]r. Fahraj, which is also
known as Pahura, Paharu, Puhra, is by some identified as the Poura where
Alexander the Great halted on his march from India, but others are more in
favour of another Fahraj near Bam, or even of Bamp[=u]r itself.

BAMRA, a feudatory state of India, in the province of Bengal. Area 1988 sq.
m.; pop. (1901) 123,378; estimated revenue L5000; tribute L100. Most of the
country is forest, producing only timber and lac but said to be rich in
iron ore. The northern border is touched by the Bengal-Nagpur railway, with
a station at Bamra town. The state is one of the five Uriya feudatories,
which were transferred from the Central Provinces to Bengal, on the
reconstitution of that province in October 1905. The capital is Deogarh.

BAN, a word taken from the root of a verb common to many Teutonic languages
and meaning originally "to proclaim" or "to announce." The Late Lat. form
of the word is _bannum_.

In the laws of the Franks and kindred tribes the word had three main uses:
first in the general sense of a proclamation, secondly, for the fine
incurred for disobeying such proclamation, and thirdly for the district
over which proclamations were issued.

It was the frequent use of proclamations or bans, commanding or forbidding
certain actions under a threat of punishment, which caused the second of
these uses to arise out of the first, as the idea of wrong-doing became
associated with the proclamation or ban. This _bannum dominicum_, as it was
called, was employed by all feudal lords, from the king downwards, against
offenders, and played an important part in the administration of justice in
feudal times. It usually took the form of an order to make some amend for
wrong-doing, which, if not complied with, was followed by the withdrawal of
all protection from the offender, _i.e._ by outlawry.

After the break-up of the Carolingian empire another use of the word arose
in France. "Ban" had occasionally been used in a restricted sense referring
only to the summons calling out the host; and as France became separated
from the Empire, French law and custom seized upon this use, and soon the
men liable to military service were known as "the ban." A variant form of
this word was _heriban_ or _ariban_, and it is possible that some confusion
between the early syllables of this word and the word _arriere_ led to a
distinction between the