were tried by court-martial, and a large number condemned to
death or the galleys. The raiders' turn came next, and the whole party,
save the traitor Boccheciampe, were condemned to be shot, but in the case
of eight of them the sentence was commuted to the galleys. On the 23rd of
July the two Bandieras and their nine companions were executed; they cried
_Viva l'Italia!_ as they fell.

The Neapolitan government was undoubtedly within its right in executing the
Bandieras, and the material results of this heroic but unpractical attempt
were nil. But the moral effect was enormous throughout Italy, the action of
the authorities was universally condemned, and the martyrdom of the
Bandieras bore fruit in subsequent revolutions. It also created a great
impression in England, where it was believed that the Bandieras'
correspondence with Mazzini (_q.v._) had been tampered with, and that
information as to the proposed expedition had been forwarded to the
Austrian and Neapolitan governments by the British foreign office; recent
publications, however, especially the biography of Sir James Graham, tend
to exculpate the British government.

See G. Ricciardi, _Storia dei Fratelli Bandiera_ (Florence, 1863); F.
Venosta, _I Fratelli Bandiera_ (Milan, 1863); and Carlo Tivaroni's
_L'Italia durante il dominio austriaco_, vol. iii. p. 149 (Turin, 1894).

(L. V.*)

BANDINELLI, BARTOLOMMEO or BACCIO (1493-1560), Florentine sculptor, was the
son of an eminent goldsmith, and from him Bandinelli obtained the first
elements of drawing. Showing a strong inclination for the fine arts, he was
early placed under Rustici, a sculptor, and a friend of Leonardo da Vinci,
with whom he made rapid progress. The ruling motive in his life seems to
have been jealousy both of Benvenuto Cellini and of Michelangelo, one of
whose cartoons he is said to have torn up and destroyed. He is regarded by
some as inferior in sculpture only to Michelangelo, with whom a comparison
unfavourable to Bandinelli is tempted in such works as the marble colossal
group of Hercules and Cacus in the Piazza del Gran Duco, and the group of
Adam and Eve in the Bargello. Among his best works must be reckoned the
_bassi-rilievi_ in the choir of the cathedral of Florence; his copy of the
Laocoon; and the figures of Christ and Nicodemus on his own tomb.

BANDINI, ANGELO MARIA (1726-1800), Italian author, was born at Florence on
the 25th of September 1726. Having been left an orphan in his