t _talukdari_ estates in the province. The
raja, Sir Drigbijai Singh K.C.S.I., was conspicuously loyal during the
Mutiny, and was rewarded with accessions of territory and hereditary
privileges. His death in 1882 gave rise to prolonged litigation and the
estate was thrown into chancery. The income is estimated at L120,000,
paying a revenue of L46,000. Numerous schools and hospitals are supported.
Balrampur contains a large palace, a handsome modern temple and an
Anglo-vernacular school.

BALSAM (from Gr. [Greek: balsamon], through Lat. _balsamum_, contracted by
popular use to O. Fr. _basme_, mod. Fr. _bame_; Eng. balm), a term properly
limited to such resins or oleo-resins as contain benzoic acid or cinnamic
acid or both. Those balsams which conform to this definition make up a
distinct class, allied to each other by their composition, properties and
uses. Those found in commerce are the balsam of Peru, balsam of Tolu,
liquid storax and liquidambar. _Balsam of Peru_ is the produce of a lofty
leguminous tree, _Myroxylon Pereirae_, growing within a limited area in San
Salvador, Central America and introduced into Ceylon. It is a thick, viscid
oleo-resin of a deep brown or black colour and a fragrant balsamic odour.
It is used in perfumery. Though contained in the pharmacopeias it has no
special medicinal virtues. _Balsam of Tolu_ is produced from _Myroxylon
toluiferum_. It is of a brown colour, thicker than Peru balsam, and attains
a considerable degree of solidity on keeping. It also is a product of
equatorial America, but is found over a much wider area than is the balsam
of Peru. It is used in perfumery and as a constituent in cough syrups and
lozenges. _Liquid storax_ or _styrax preparatus_, is a balsam yielded by
_Liquidambar orientalis_, a native of Asia Minor. It is a soft resinous
substance, with a pleasing balsamic odour, especially after it [v.03
p.0285] has been kept for some time. It is used in medicine as an external
application in some parasitic skin diseases, and internally as an
expectorant. An analogous substance is derived from _Liquidambar Altingia_
in Java. _Liquidambar balsam_ is derived from _Liquidambar styraciflua_, a
tree found in the United States and Mexico. It contains cinnamic acid, but
not benzoic acid.

Of so-called balsams, entirely destitute of cinnamic and benzoic
constituents, the following are found in commerce:--_Mecca balsam_ or _Balm
of Gilead_, from _Commiphora opobalsamum_, a tree