neralized the appellation "Filipino" now in common use.

Throughout this work, "Filipino" is taken as the substantive and
"Philippine" as the adjective, that being the correct English form.

The Americans, however, use "Filipino" both substantively and
adjectivally.

[54] For an exhaustive treatise on this subject the
reader is recommended to peruse A. R. Wallace's "The Malay
Archipelago." Published in London, 1869.

[55] The _Ibanacs_ are the ordinary domesticated natives inhabiting
the extreme north of Luzon and the banks of the Rio Grande de Cagayan
for some miles up. Some of them have almost black skins. I found them
very manageable.

[56] According to Father Pedro Murillo, the ancient name of Basilan
was Taguima, so called from a river there of that name.

[57] Mahometanism appears to have been introduced into the Islands
of Borneo and Mindanao by Arabian missionary prophets.

[58] It was called the _Fuerza del Pilar_, and is now the American
Moro Province military headquarters and head quartermaster's office
and depot. The image of Our Lady in a niche in the north wall is much
revered by Catholics.

[59] _Paseo de los gigantes_, the custom still existing in Spain of
introducing giant figures into popular festivities, reminding one of
Guy Fawkes.

[60] The Sultan complained that he had not been treated in Manila
with dignity equal to his rank and quality, and that he had constantly
been under guard of soldiers in his residence (this was explained to
be a guard-of-honour).

[61] Cholera has considerably reduced the population. In 1902 this
disease carried off about 10 per cent.

[62] Brunei signifies, in pure Malay, the _whole_ of Borneo Island.

[63] The Sultan told me years afterwards that his uncle's nomination by
the Spaniards troubled him very little, as he was always recognized
by his people as their sovereign. In the end intrigues were made
against Datto Harun Narrasid, who agreed to accept his nephew's vassal
sultanate of Paragua, where he died, and was succeeded by his son,
Sultan Tattarassa, whom I met in Jolo in 1904.

[64] Cottabato is derived from _Cotta_, a fort, and _Bato_, stone.

[65] By Royal Order of June, 1890, Brig.-General Arolas was appointed
Governor of Mindanao. He died in Valencia (Spain) May, 1899.

[66] According to Sonnerat, Sulu Island produced elephants!--_vide_
"Voyages aux Indes et a la Chine," Vol. III., Chap. x. I have not
seen the above statement confirmed in an