pril 6, 1904, to twenty-five years' imprisonment as a deserter
from the constabulary and bandit.

Previous to this event, the piracy of Johnston and Hermann in the
southern islands caused much sensation at the time.

In September, 1905, it was rumoured that, in order to escape capture,
Cornelio Felizardo had committed suicide.

One can judge of the ferocity of these men by Clause 3 of what Julian
Montalon calls his Law No. 9. Dated April 10, 1904, it says:--

"The Filipino who serves the American Government as scout,
constabulary or secret-service man, who does not sympathize with
his native country, shall, if caught, immediately suffer the
penalty of having the tendons of his feet cut, and the fingers
of both hands crushed."

There were many cases of cutting off the lips; two victims of this
atrocity were brought to Manila in 1905, during _El Renacimiento_
trial (_vide_ p. 550).

[232] This establishment was put up for sale by tender in 1904. The
prospectus stated as follows:--

Revenue for one year gold $332,194.17
Disbursements for one year 198,338.93

Profit $133,855.24

Reserve price one million dollars gold. Conditions of payment
one-third cash, and two-thirds in three annual payments with six per
cent. interest per annum guaranteed by mortgage on the building and
plant or other acceptable security. It was not stated whether the
sale included a monopoly of army supply.

[233] _Sampaloc_ signifies _Tamarind_ in Tagalog.

[234] The first Philippine club was opened on November 6, 1898.

[235] The _carromata_ is a two-wheeled spring vehicle with a light
roof to keep off the sun and rain. In Spanish times it was commonly
used by the natives in Manila and by all classes in the provinces,
being a light, strong, and useful conveyance.

[236] _Vide_ "Official Roster of the Officers and Employees in the
Civil Service in the Philippine Islands." Manila, Bureau of Public
Printing, 1904.

[237] Independent Offices, i.e., not under control of a Civil
Commission Secretary.

[238] Under the "Cooper Bill," which came into operation on March 20,
1905, the Insular Government was authorized to increase the salaries
of the Chief Justice and the associated judges to $10,500 and $10,000
gold respectively. Under the same Act, judges of First Instance can
be called upon to serve in the Supreme Court when needed to form a
quorum,