us of Gujarat_, _loc. cit._, and _Bombay Gazetteer_,
xvi. 45.

[161] _Tribes and Castes_, art. Oswal.

[162] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. xvii. p. 51.

[163] _Ibidem._

[164] Bhattacharya, _Hindu Castes and Sects_, p. 207.

[165] This article is based on papers by Mr. Pancham Lal,
Naib-Tahsildar Sihora, and Munshi Kanhya Lal, of the Gazetteer office.

[166] See also notice of Benaikias in article on Vidur.

[167] _Bombay Gazetteer_, vol. xvii. p. 81.

[168] _Bombay Gazetteer_, _Hindus of Gujarat_, p. 99.

[169] _Ibidem._

[170] _Ibidem._ p. 98.

[171] _Merinda citrifolia_, see art. Alia.

[172] See article.

[173] This article is based principally on a _Monograph on the Banjara
Clan_, by Mr. N. F. Cumberlege of the Berar Police, believed to have
been first written in 1869 and reprinted in 1882; notes on the Banjaras
written by Colonel Mackenzie and printed in the _Berar Census Report_
(1881) and the _Pioneer_ newspaper (communicated by Mrs. Horsburgh);
Major Gunthorpe's _Criminal Tribes_; papers by Mr. M. E. Khare,
Extra-Assistant Commissioner, Chanda; Mr. Narayan Rao, Tahr., Betul;
Mr. Mukund Rao, Manager, Pachmarhi Estate; and information on the
caste collected in Yeotmal and Nimar.

[174] Mr. Crooke's _Tribes and Castes_, art. Banjara, para. 1.

[175] _Berar Census Report_ (1881), p. 150.

[176] _Ibidem_, para. 2, quoting Dowson's Elliot, v. 100.

[177] Khan Bahadur Fazalullah Lutfullah Faridi in the _Bombay
Gazetteer_ (_Muhammadans of Gujarat_, p. 86) quoting from General
Briggs (_Transactions Bombay Literary Society_, vol. i. 183) says
that "as carriers of grain for Muhammadan armies the Banjaras have
figured in history from the days of Muhammad Tughlak (A.D. 1340)
to those of Aurangzeb."

[178] Sir H. M. Elliot's _Supplemental Glossary_.

[179] _Monograph on the Banjara Clan_, p. 8.

[180] _Hindus of Gujarat_, p. 214 _et seq._

[181] _Rajasthan_, i. 602.

[182] _Ibidem_, ii. 570, 573.

[183] This custom does not necessarily indicate a special connection
between the Banjaras and Charans, as it is common to several
castes in Rajputana; but it indicates that the Banjaras came from
Rajputana. Banjara men also frequently wear the hair long, down to
the neck, which is another custom of Rajputana.

[184] _Jungle Life in India_, p. 517.

[185] _Berar Census Report_ (1881), p. 152.

[186] _Bombay Gazetteer, Hindus of Gujarat._

[187] _Letter on the Marathas_ (1798), p. 67, _India Office Trac