Leather Industries_, p. 9.

[449] _Ibidem._

[450] See articles on these castes.

[451] _Monograph on Leather Industries_, p. 3.

[452] _Berar Census Report_ (1881), p. 149.

[453] From _mangna_, to beg.

[454] _Tribes and Castes_, art. Chamar.

[455] _Indian Folk-Tales._

[456] _Indian Folk-Tales_, pp. 49, 50.

[457] Shells which were formerly used as money.

[458] _Indian Folk-Tales_, pp. 49, 50.

[459] _Monograph_, p. 3.

[460] _Monograph on Leather Industries_, p. 5.

[461] _Zizyphus xylopera._

[462] _Butea frondosa._

[463] _Anogeissus latifolia._

[464] The above is an abridgment of the description in Mr. Trench's
_Monograph_, to which reference may be made for further details.

[465] _Monograph on the Leather Industries_, pp. 10, 11.

[466] _Melia indica._

[467] _Berar Census Report_ (1881), p. 149.

[468] _Rasmala_, i. 395, quoting from the _Ain-i-Akbari_.

[469] From papers by Mr. Parmeshwar Misra, Settlement Superintendent,
Rairakhol, and Mr. Rasanand, Sireshtedar, Bamra.

[470] _Tribes and Castes of Bengal_, art. Chasa.

[471] This article is based principally on notes taken by Mr. Hira
Lal at Bhatgaon.

[472] _Bombay Gazetteer_, _Hindus of Gujarat_, p. 178.

[473] A corruption for Viswakarma, the divine artificer and architect.

[474] The story, however, really belongs to northern India. Usha is
the goddess of dawn.

[475] Krishna's mother.

[476] Little white flowers like jasmine. This simile would be unlikely
to occur to the ordinary observer who sees a Hindu child crying.

[477] _Tori balayan leun._ For explanation see above.

[478] Commencement of the agricultural year.

[479] This article is partly based on a paper by Mr. Bijai Bahadur,
Naib-Tahsildar, Balaghat.

[480] _Bombay Ethnographic Survey_, draft article on Chitrakathi.

[481] May-June. The Akhatij is the beginning of the agricultural year.

[482] _Berar Census Report_ (1881), paragraph 206. The passage is
slightly altered and abridged in reproduction.

[483] Vol. ix. part. ii. _Muhammadans of Gujarat_, p. 57.

[484] _Rajasthan_, ii. p. 292.

[485] _Bombay Gazetteer, l.c._

[486] In recording this point Mr. Faridi gives the following note:
"In 1847 a case occurred which shows how firmly the Memans cling
to their original tribal customs. The widow of Haji Nur Muhammad
of the Lakariya family demanded a share of her deceased husband's
property according to Muhammadan law. The _jama-at_ or communi