The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Problem of China, by Bertrand Russell

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Title: The Problem of China

Author: Bertrand Russell

Release Date: November 3, 2004 [EBook #13940]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ASCII

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THE PROBLEM OF CHINA

BY

BERTRAND RUSSELL

O.M., F.K.S.

_London_
GEORGE ALLEN & UNWIN LTD
RUSKIN HOUSE MUSEUM STREET
FIRST PUBLISHED IN 1922
SECOND IMPRESSION 1966

PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN
BY PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY
UNWIN BROTHERS LIMITED
WOKING AND LONDON

CONTENTS

CHAPTER

FOREWORD
I. QUESTIONS
II. CHINA BEFORE THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
III. CHINA AND THE WESTERN POWERS
IV. MODERN CHINA
V. JAPAN BEFORE THE RESTORATION
VI. MODERN JAPAN
VII. JAPAN AND CHINA BEFORE 1914
VIII. JAPAN AND CHINA DURING THE WAR
IX. THE WASHINGTON CONFERENCE
X. PRESENT FORCES AND TENDENCIES IN THE FAR EAST
XI. CHINESE AND WESTERN CIVILIZATION CONTRASTED
XII. THE CHINESE CHARACTER
XIII. HIGHER EDUCATION IN CHINA
XIV. INDUSTRIALISM IN CHINA
XV. THE OUTLOOK FOR CHINA
APPENDIX
INDEX

The Ruler of the Southern Ocean was Shu (Heedless), the Ruler of
the Northern Ocean was Hu (Sudden), and the Ruler of the Centre
was Chaos. Shu and Hu were continually meeting in the land of
Chaos, who treated them very well. They consulted together how
they might repay his kindness, and said, "Men all have seven
orifices for the purpose of seeing, hearing, eating, and
breathing, while this poor Ruler alone has not one. Let us try
and make them for him." Accordingly they dug one orifice in him
every day; and at the end of seven days Chaos died.--[_Chuang
Tze_, Legge's translation.]

The Problem of China

CHAPTER I

QUESTIONS

A European lately arrived in China, if he is of a receptive and
reflective disposition, finds himself confronted with a number of very
puzzling questions, for many of which the problems of Western Europe
will not have prepared him. Russian problems, it is true, have imp