out ninety ships he set sail, in the first
instance to Cephallenia, where he exacted money--which was in some cases
voluntarily paid, in others forcibly extorted. In the next place
he began making preparations partly to harass the territory of the
Lacedaemonians, and partly to win over voluntarily the other states in
that quarter which were hostile to Athens; or in case of refusal to go
to war with them.

The whole conduct of the campaign reflects, I think, the highest credit
on Iphicrates. If his strategy was admirable, so too was the instinct
which led him to advise the association with himself of two such
colleagues as Callistratus and Chabrias--the former a popular orator
but no great friend of himself politically, (18) the other a man of
high military reputation. Either he looked upon them as men of unusual
sagacity, and wished to profit by their advice, in which case I
commend the good sense of the arrangement, or they were, in his belief,
antagonists, in which case the determination to approve himself a
consummate general, neither indolent nor incautious, was bold, I admit,
but indicative of a laudable self-confidence. Here, however, we must
part with Iphicrates and his achievements to return to Athens.

(18) Reading with the MSS. {ou mala epitedeion onta}. See Grote, "H.
G." x. 206. Boeckh ("P. E. A.," trans. Cornewall Lewis, p. 419)
wished to read {eu mala} for {ou mala k.t.l.}, in which case
translate "the former a popular orator, and a man of singular
capacity"; and for {epitedeion} in that sense, see "Hipparch." i.
8; for {eu mala}, see "Hipparch." i. 25. For details concerning
Callistratus, see Dindorf, op. cit. note ad. loc.; Curtius, "H.
G." iv. 367, 381 foll., v. 90. For Chabrias, Rehdantz, op. cit. In
the next sentence I have again adhered to the reading of the MSS.,
but the passage is commonly regarded as corrupt; see Otto Keller,
op. cit. p. 215 for various emendations.

III

The Athenians, forced to witness the expatriation from Boeotia of their
friends the Plataeans (who had sought an asylum with themselves), forced
also to listen to the supplications of the Thespiaeans (who begged them
not to suffer them to be robbed of their city), could no longer
regard the Thebans with favour; (1) though, when it came to a direct
declaration of war, they were checked in part by a feeling of shame, and
partly by considerations of expediency. Still, to go hand in ha