ice when bruised, milky-white, very acrid.

The stem is creamy white, short, thick, solid, smooth, rounded at the
end, slightly tapering at the base. Spores generally with an apiculus,
.0002 by .00024 inch.

The plant is found in all parts of Ohio, but most people are afraid of
it on account of its very peppery taste. Although it can be eaten
without harm, it will never prove a favorite.

It is found in open woods from July to October. In its season is one of
the very common plants in all of our woods.

_Lactarius pergamenus. Fr._

Pergamenus is from _pergamena_, parchment. The pileus is convex, then
expanded, plane, depressed, wavy, wrinkled, without zones, often repand,
smooth, white.

The gills are adnate, very narrow, tinged with straw-color, often white,
branched, much crowded, horizontal.

The stem is smooth, stuffed, discolored, not long. The milk is white and
acrid. Spores, 8x6. It differs from L. piperatus in its crowded, narrow
gills and longer stem. Found in woods from August to October.

_Lactarius deceptivus. Pk._

DECEIVING LACTARIUS. EDIBLE

[Illustration: Figure 129.--Lactarius deceptivus.]

Deceptivus means deceiving.

The pileus is three to five inches broad, compact, at first convex, and
umbilicate, then expanded and centrally depressed or subinfundibuliform,
obsoletely tomentose or glabrous except on the margin, white or whitish,
often varied with yellowish or sordid strains, the margin at first
involute and clothed with a dense, soft cottony tomentum, then spreading
or elevated and more or less fibrillose.

The gills are rather broad, distant or subdistant, adnate or decurrent,
some of them, forked, whitish, becoming cream-colored.

The stem is one to three inches long, equal or narrowed downward, solid,
pruinose-pubescent, white. Spores are white, 9-12.7u. Milk white, taste
acrid.

This plant delights in woods and open groves, especially under
coniferous trees. It is a large, meaty, acrid white species, with a
thick, soft, cottony tomentum on the margin of the pileus of the young
plant.

The specimen photographed was sent me from Massachusetts by Mrs.
Blackford. It grows in July, August and September. Its sharp acridity is
lost in cooking, but like all acrid Lactarius it is coarse and not very
good.

_Lactarius indigo. (Schw.) Fr._

[Illustration: Figure 130.--Lactarius indigo. One-third natural size.
Entire plant indigo blue.]

[Illustration: Figure 131.--Lactarius