to St. John the Baptist, receiving 100
poor people. At the Dissolution of the Monasteries it was suppressed.
Queen Mary restored it, and it continued as a hospital till the year
1702, when it was finally suppressed. Like Whitefriars, and for the same
reason, it claimed the right of Sanctuary: therefore it became the
harbour of people described as 'rogues and masterless men.' In the City
itself there are many large gardens and open spaces. The courts of the
Grey Friars, now a school, are still standing: there are gardens on the
site of the Austin Friars' monastery and gardens between Broad Street
and Bishopsgate Street. We must not think of London as a city crowded
with narrow lanes and courts, the houses almost touching their opposite
neighbours. Such courts were only found beside the river: many streets,
it is true, were narrow, but there were broad thoroughfares like
Cheapside, Gracechurch Street, Canwicke (now Cannon Street) Tower
Street, and Fenchurch Street. The river is covered with boats: one of
them is a barge filled with soldiers, which is being tugged by a
four-oared boat: packhorses are being taken to the river to drink: below
bridge the lighters begin: two or three vessels are moored at
Billingsgate: the ships begin opposite the Tower: two or three great
three-masted vessels are shown: and two or three smaller ships of the
kind called ketch, sloop, or hoy. Along the river front of the Tower are
mounted cannon. The ditch of the Tower is filled with water. On Tower
Hill there stands a permanent gallows: beside it is some small
structure, which is probably a pillory with the stocks.

Such is a brief account of London from this map. The original is the
property of the Corporation and is kept in the Guildhall Library. A
facsimile reprint has been made.

41. ELIZABETHAN LONDON.

PART II.

We have passed over two hundred years. We left London under the Three
Edwards. We find it under Elizabeth. It was a City of
Palaces--monasteries, with splendid churches and stately buildings: town
houses of bishops, abbots, and noble lords, every one able to
accommodate a goodly following of liveried retainers and servants: the
mansions of rich City merchants, sometimes as splendid as those of the
lords: the halls of the City Companies: the hundred and twenty City
churches. Look at London as Shakespeare saw it. Everywhere there are the
ruins of the monasteries: some of the buildings have been destroyed with
gunpowder