kewise clincher-built.
It is generally a hack boat for small work, being about 4 feet beam to
12 feet length, with a bluff bow and very wide transom; a kind of
washing-tub. (_See_ GELLYWATTE and CUTTER.)

JOLLY JUMPERS. Sails above the moon-rakers.

JOLLY ROGER. A pirate's flag; a white skull in a black field.

JONATHAN. A name often applied to Americans in general, but really
appropriate to the Quakers in America, being a corruption of John
Nathan.

JONK. _See_ JUNK.

JORUM, OF GROG, &c. A full bowl or jug.

JOURNAL. Synonymous at sea with _log-book_; it is a daily register of
the ship's course and distance, the winds and weather, and a general
account of whatever is of importance. In sea-journals, the day, or
twenty-four hours, used to terminate at noon, because the ship's
position is then generally determined by observation; but the shore
account of time is now adopted afloat. In machinery, _journal_ is the
bearing part of a shaft, upon which it rests on its Y's or bearings.

JOURNEY-WORK. Work performed by the day.

JOVIALL. Relating to the system of the planet Jupiter.

JOVICENTRIC. As seen from, or having relation to, the centre of Jupiter.

JOWDER. A term on our western coasts to denote a retail dealer in fish.

JOWL. The head of a fish. (Also, _see_ BLOCK.)--_Cheek by jowl._ Close
together.

JUAN-MOOAR. The Manx and Erse term for the black-backed gull.

JUBALTARE. The early English word for Gibraltar.

JUDGE-ADVOCATE OF THE FLEET, OR TO THE FORCES. A legal officer whose
duty it is to investigate offences previous to determining on sending
them before a court-martial, and then to report on the sentence awarded.
He has civil deputies in Great Britain; but officers (generally
secretaries to admirals, or pursers) are appointed by the courts abroad.

JUDGE-ADVOCATE, DEPUTY. An officer appointed to assist the court upon
some general courts-martial for the trial of officers, seamen, and
marines, accused of a breach of the articles of war.

JUDGMENT. In prize matters, the sentences of foreign courts, even though
such decisions be manifestly unjust, are conclusive in ours by comity.
The tribunals of France are not so complacent.

JUFFER. _See_ UPHROE.

JUGGLE-MEER. A west-country word for a coast quagmire.

JUGLE, OR JOGGLE. In ship-building, a notch in the edge of a plank to
admit the narrow butt of another, as of the narrow end of a
steeling-strake.

JULIAN PERIOD. A period of 7980 years, datin