atch with chalk,
is rubbed out every day at noon. Now a slate is more generally used.

LOG-BOOK. Mostly called the log, is a journal into which the log-board
is daily transcribed, together with any other circumstance deserving
notice. The intermediate divisions or watches are usually signed by the
commanding officer. It is also divided into _harbour-log_ and _sea-log_.

LOG-CANOE. One hollowed out of a single log. (_See_ CANOE.)

LOGGED. Entered in the log. A very serious punishment, not long disused,
as a mark of disgrace, by recording the omissions of an officer. It may
yet be demanded if arrest ensues.

LOGGED. When a ship is on her beam ends, or in that state in which she
is unmanageable at sea. (_See_ WATER-LOGGED.)

LOGGERHEAD, OR LOGGER-HEAT. A round ball of iron attached to a long
handle with a hook at the end of it. It heats tar by being made hot in
the fire, and then plunged into the tar-bucket. It was also used to
pound cocoa before chocolate was supplied. Also, an upright rounded
piece of wood, near the stern of a whale-boat, for catching a turn of
the line to. Also, a name given to a well-known turtle, _Chelonia
caouana_, from its having a great head; it is sometimes called the
_whooper_ or _whapper_. (_See_ TURTLE.)

LOG-GLASS. The sand-glass used at heaving the log to obtain the rate of
sailing. It is a 28 seconds glass for slow sailing, and 14 seconds for
fast sailing.

LOG-LINE AND LOG-SHIP. A small line about 100 fathoms long, fastened to
the log-ship by means of two legs, one of which passes through a hole at
the corner, and is knotted on the opposite side, while the other leg is
attached by a pin fixed into another hole so as to draw out when _stop_
is called, _i.e._ when the glass has run out. This line, from the
distance of 10, 12, or 15 fathoms of the log-ship, has certain knots or
divisions, which ought to be 47 feet 4 inches from each other, though it
was the common practice at sea not to have them above 42 feet. The
estimate of the ship's way or distance run is done by observing the
length of the line unwound whilst the glass is running; for so many
knots as run out in that time, so many miles the ship sails in an
hour.--_To heave the log_ is to throw it into the water on the lee-side,
well out of the wake, letting it run until it gets beyond the eddies,
then a person holding the glass turns it up just as the first mark, or
stray-line, goes out, from which the knots begin to be reckoned.