arth's surface decreases as the latitude increases, for which see
DEPARTURE. East longitude extends 180 degrees to the right, when looking
north, and west longitude as many to the left of the first meridian.

LONGITUDE, GEOCENTRIC. The angular distance of a heavenly body from the
first point of Aries, measured upon the ecliptic, as viewed from the
earth.

LONGITUDE, HELIOCENTRIC. The angular distance of a body from the first
point of Aries, measured upon the ecliptic, as viewed from the sun.

LONGITUDE BY ACCOUNT. The distance east and west, as computed from the
ship's course and distance run, carried forward from the last
astronomical determination.

LONGITUDE BY CHRONOMETER. Is estimated by the difference between the
time at the place, and the time indicated by chronometer.

LONGITUDE BY LUNAR OBSERVATION. The longitude calculated by observing
the moon's angular distance from the sun or a fixed star. It is the only
check on chronometers, and very valuable in long voyages, though now
much neglected, since the establishment of compulsory examination in the
merchant service, which does not require lunars.

LONGITUDE OF A CELESTIAL BODY. An arc of the ecliptic, contained between
the first point of Aries and a circle of longitude passing through the
centre of the body.

LONGITUDINAL SECTION. In ship-building, a line which cuts the draught of
a vessel lengthwise.

LONG-JAWED. The state of rope when its strands are straightened by
being much strained and untwisted, and from its pliability will coil
both ways.

LONG-LEAVE. Permission to visit friends at a distance.

LONG-LEGGED. Said of a vessel drawing much water.--_Long leggers_, lean
schooners. Longer than ordinary proportion to breadth. Swift.

LONG OYSTER. A name of the sea cray-fish.

LONG-SERVICE. A cable properly served to prevent chafing under
particular use.

'LONGSHORE. A word used rather contemptuously for _alongshore_; land
usage.--_'Longshore fellows_, landsmen pretenders.--_'Longshore owners_,
those merchants who become notorious for sending their ships to sea
scantily provided with stores and provisions.

LONG-SHOT. A distant range. It is also used to express a long way; a
far-fetched explanation; something incredible.

LONG STERN-TIMBERS. _See_ STERN-TIMBERS.

LONG STROKE. The order to a boat's crew to stretch out and hang on her.

LONG-TACKLES. Those overhauled down for hoisting up top-sails to be
bent. Long-tackle blocks have two sheave