utter wort (_Pinguicula grandiflora_). In Ireland in the
south-west. Unknown in England. On the Continent it grows on the Alps
and in the south-west.

Irish Spurge (_Euphorbia hiberna_). In Ireland along the south and west
coasts. In England it is confined to Devonshire. On the Continent it
occurs only in the south-west.

[Illustration: _Photo, J. St. J. Phillips._ Among the Arbutus, Cloonee
Lakes.]

[Illustration: _Photo, Welch, Belfast._ Arbutus Islands, Killarney.]

Going for a moment further north, we find in Connemara, and there only,
a group of three kinds of Heath with the same peculiar distribution:--

[Illustration: _Photo, Welch, Belfast._ The Irish Spurge.]

St. Dabeoc's Heath (_Dabeocia polifolia_). In Ireland
in Connemara. Unknown in England. On the
Continent confined to the south-west.

Mediterranean Heath (_Erica mediterranea_). In
Ireland in Connemara. Unknown in England.
On the Continent confined to the south-west.

Mackay's Heath (_E. Mackaiana_). In Ireland in
Connemara. Unknown in England. On the
Continent in Spain only.

Nor is it the plants alone that exhibit the peculiar relation existing
between the Natural History of Ireland and of the Pyrenean region.
Among the animals the same features may be observed, the most striking
instance being the peculiar Kerry Slug (_Geomalacus maculosus_), which
is abundant in many parts of the extreme south-west of Ireland, and is
elsewhere found only in Portugal.

[Illustration: _Drawing, Dr. R. F. Scharff._ The Kerry Slug.]

Mixed with these southern forms in the West of Ireland we find another
group of still stranger affinities. In pools and lakes from Kerry to
Donegal grows the curious Pipe-wort (_Eriocaulon septangulare_). It may
be also found in the Island of Skye, in the West of Scotland, but
nowhere else in Europe; to see it again we must go to the northern
regions of North America, where it flourishes under conditions much more
rigorous than those which obtain in its mild Irish home. The deliciously
fragrant orchid, _Spiranthes Romanzoviana_, grows in the counties of
Cork, Armagh, Antrim, and Londonderry; elsewhere only in sub-arctic
America and the portion of Asia which most nearly approaches the Alaskan
shores. The "Blue-eyed Grass" of Canada (_Sisyrinchium angustifolium_)
is likewise confined to the West of Ireland and to North America; and
further instances might be quoted. In the animal kingdom, too, parallel
cases hav