a navigatione.

[3] Ginguene, _Hist. lit. de l'Italie_, t. i. p. 413.

[4] "According to all the texts he returned to Venice in 1295 or, as
is more probable, in 1296."--Yule.

COMPASS PLANT, a native of the North American prairies, which takes its
name from the position assumed by the leaves. These turn their edges to
north and south, thus avoiding the excessive mid-day heat, while getting
the full benefit of the morning and evening rays. The plant is known
botanically as _Silphium laciniatum_, and belongs to the natural order
Compositae. Another member of the same order, _Lactuca Scariola_, which
has been regarded as the origin of the cultivated lettuce (_L. sativa_),
behaves in the same way when growing in dry exposed places; it is a
native of Europe and northern Asia which has got introduced into North
America.

COMPAYRE, JULES GABRIEL (1843- ), French educationalist, was born at
Albi. He entered the Ecole Normale Superieure in 1862 and became
professor of philosophy. In 1876 he was appointed professor in the
Faculty of Letters of Toulouse, and upon the creation of the Ecole
normale d'institutrices at Fontenay aux Roses he became teacher of
pedagogy (1880). From 1881 to 1889 he was deputy for Lavaur in the
chamber, and took an active part in the discussions on public education.
Defeated at the elections of 1889, he was appointed rector of the
academy of Poitiers in 1890, and five years later to the academy of
Lyons. His principal publications are his _Histoire critique des
doctrines de l'education en France_ (1879); _Elements d'education
civique_ (1881), a work placed on the index at Rome, but very widely
read in the primary schools of France; _Cours de pedagogie theorique et
pratique_ (1885, 13th ed., 1897); _The Intellectual and Moral
Development of the Child_, in English (2 vols., New York, 1896-1902);
and a series of monographs on _Les Grands Educateurs_.

COMPENSATION (from Lat. _compensare_, to weigh one thing against
another), a term applied in English law to a number of different forms
of legal reparation; e.g. under the Forfeiture Act 1870 (s. 4), for loss
of property caused by felony, or--under the Riot (Damages) Act 1886--to
persons whose property has been stolen, destroyed or injured by rioters
(see RIOT). It is due, under the Agricultural Holdings Acts 1883-1906,
for agricultural improvements (see LANDLORD AND TENANT; cf. also
Allotments and Small Holdings), and under the