ames II. to the throne, on the condition of an amnesty and an
undertaking to preserve the constitution. Until 1853, in the university
of Oxford, those possessing private incomes of a certain amount paid
special dues for their degrees, and were known as Grand and Petty
Compounders.

The corruption "compound" (from the Malay _kampung_ or _kampong_, a
quarter of a village) is the name applied to the enclosed ground,
whether garden or waste, which surrounds an Anglo-Indian house. In India
the European quarter, as a rule, is separate from the native quarter,
and consists of a number of single houses, each standing in a compound,
sometimes many acres in extent.

COMPOUND PIER, the architectural term given to a clustered column or
pier which consists of a centre mass or newel, to which engaged or
semi-detached shafts have been attached, in order to perform, or to
suggest the performance of, certain definite structural objects, such as
to carry arches of additional orders, or to support the transverse or
diagonal ribs of a vault, or the tie beam of an important roof. In these
cases, though performing different functions, the drums of the pier are
often cut out of one stone. There are, however, cases where the shafts
are detached from the pier and coupled to it by armulets at regular
heights, as in the Early English period.

COMPRADOR (a Portuguese word used in the East, derived from the Lat.
_comparare_, to procure), originally a native servant in European
households in the East, but now the name given to the native managers in
European business houses in China, and also to native contractors
supplying ships in the Philippines and elsewhere in the East.

COMPRESSION, in astronomy, the deviation of a heavenly body from the
spherical form, called also the "ellipticity." It is numerically
expressed by the ratio of the differences of the axes to the major axis
of the spheroid. The compression or "flattening" of the earth is about
1/298, which means that the ratio of the equatorial to the polar axis is
298:297 (see Earth, Figure of the). In engineering the term is applied
to the arrangement by which the exhaust valve of a steam-engine is made
to close, shutting a portion of the exhaust steam in the cylinder,
before the stroke of the piston is quite complete. This steam being
compressed as the stroke is completed, a cushion is formed against which
the piston does work while its velocity is being rapidly reduced,