are the ear (aural), the vaginal and the rectal.

The Vaginal Douche. For cleansing.--A one per cent solution of carbolic
acid is often used in one to three quarts of water.

To allay inflammation.--A hot solution of the temperature of 105 degrees
to 115 degrees is given, and three or six quarts may be used. Allow the
stream to flow before the nozzle is inserted so as to have the warm
temperature instead of cold at the start, and the nozzle should be
introduced up towards the posterior vaginal wall. The fountain syringe bag
should not be raised more than six to twelve inches above the patient who
is lying down with her hips raised on pillows and her knees drawn up.
Medicines can be used in all the douches.

Rectal douche.--This is to relieve piles and reduce inflammation. Hot or
cold as needed. A rectal tube or fountain syringe is used.

Ear (aural) douche.--This is used for earache and inflammation. Salt or
boric acid is generally used in the warm water. It should be allowed to
flow in slowly and gently.

How to use a bed pan.--When you are placing the pan, you should slip one
hand under the buttocks and then place the flat end of the pan under the
buttocks. It should always be warm. Raise the patient in the same way
before attempting to remove it. Do not pull it out.

[642 MOTHERS' REMEDIES]

TEMPERATURE (Fever).--A thermometer is necessary in taking the
temperature. They can be bought for from fifty cents up. The temperature
is taken by putting the thermometer under the tongue, in the arm-pit and
in the rectum. For children it should be placed in the rectum or in the
arm-pit or groin. Allow it to remain from two to five minutes. This
depends upon the time limit of the thermometer. The normal temperature is
98-6/10 degrees F. This varies, some people are normal at times at 99 or
98 degrees. The temperature in the arm-pit is lower by 3/10 of a degree,
but that in the rectum is 1/2 degree higher than that taken in the mouth.
The normal point on the thermometer is marked by an arrow. The mercury in
the tube must always be down to that at its highest point, before the
thermometer is placed and the highest point the mercury goes indicates the
height of the temperature (fever). If you take it in the rectum, that
should be free from feces. Oil the thermometer and gently insert it into
the bowel for one and one-half inches and hold the stem.

Under the Tongue.--Place the point under the tongue and instruct the
pati