ema has been already
mixed in a small pitcher and gently poured (very slowly) into the funnel,
which is then raised so that the contents will go slowly through the tube
into the bowel. The patient is protected from drops by a folded towel
underneath him. Then the tube is slowly withdrawn. The tube should then be
cleansed by allowing warm water to run through it, and then kept in a one
per cent solution of boric acid. Food given by enemata should be very
nourishing and concentrated. The following are excellent formulas:

Formula 1.--

One whole Egg
Table Salt 15 grains
Peptonized Milk 3 ounces or 3/8 of a cup
Brandy 1/2 ounce

Formula 2.--

White of two Eggs
Peptonized Milk 2 ounces or 1/4 of a cup

The whole amount should never exceed four ounces. The addition of salt
aids the absorption of the egg. Brandy, and whisky are very irritating and
should be given only every other time.

The fresh raw milk can be used, if it is impossible to have it peptonized.

After a nutritive enemata the patient should lie quietly on his back for
twenty or thirty minutes.

[NURSING DEPARTMENT 641]

Turpentine enemata for distention may be given according to the following
formula:

Mucilage of Acacia 1/2 ounce
Spirits of Turpentine 10 drops

This should be administered high up in the bowel.

Astringent Enemata. To check diarrhea.--They should be given slowly and
injected high up, and they should be retained as long as possible.

Starch and Laudanum.--Boil the starch as if to be used in the laundry and
dilute with luke-warm water, until it is thin enough to pass through a
tube. Take of this three ounces. This can be given alone in mild cases;
but if there is much pain and straining add ten to fifteen drops of
laudanum to the starch water or thirty to forty drops of paregoric. This
dose is for an adult.

Stimulating Enemata. 1. Black coffee.--One-half to one pint of strong
coffee, injected as hot as possible. It should be strained before using.
This is frequently given in poison cases.

2. Salt Enemata.--Two teaspoonfuls to one quart of hot water is mildly
stimulating; one-half to one ounce of brandy or whisky may be added.

DOUCHES.--By this term is generally meant a jet of fluid directed with a
certain amount of force upon a limited external or internal surface, for
cleansing, stimulating purposes and to relieve inflammation. Three common
douches