softened into
"license" and "licensee."--Tr.

[24] The "Municipal School for Girls" was founded by the municipality
of Manila in 1864.... The institution was in charge of the Sisters
of Charity.--_Census of the Philippine Islands, Vol. III, p. 615_.

[25] Now known as Plaza Espana.--Tr.

[26] Patroness of the Dominican Order. She was formally and sumptuously
recrowned a queen of the skies in 1907.--Tr.

[27] A burlesque on an association of students known as the _Milicia
Angelica_, organized by the Dominicans to strengthen their hold on
the people. The name used is significant, "carbineers" being the
local revenue officers, notorious in their later days for graft
and abuse.--Tr.

[28] "Tinamaan ng lintik!"--a Tagalog exclamation of anger,
disappointment, or dismay, regarded as a very strong expression,
equivalent to profanity. Literally, "May the lightning strike
you!"--Tr.

[29] "To lie about the stars is a safe kind of lying."--Tr.

[30] Throughout this chapter the professor uses the familiar _tu_
in addressing the students, thus giving his remarks a contemptuous
tone.--Tr.

[31] The professor speaks these words in vulgar dialect.

[32] To confuse the letters _p_ and _f_ in speaking Spanish was a
common error among uneducated Filipinos.--Tr.

[33] _No cristianos_, not Christians, _i.e_., savages.--Tr.

[34] The patron saint of Spain, St. James.--Tr.

[35] Houses of bamboo and nipa, such as form the homes of the masses
of the natives.--Tr.

[36] "In this paragraph Rizal alludes to an incident that had
very serious results. There was annually celebrated in Binondo a
certain religious festival, principally at the expense of the Chinese
mestizos. The latter finally petitioned that their gobernadorcillo be
given the presidency of it, and this was granted, thanks to the fact
that the parish priest (the Dominican, Fray Jose Hevia Campomanes)
held to the opinion that the presidency belonged to those who paid
the most. The Tagalogs protested, alleging their better right to it,
as the genuine sons of the country, not to mention the historical
precedent, but the friar, who was looking after his own interests,
did not yield. General Terrero (Governor, 1885-1888), at the advice
of his liberal councilors, finally had the parish priest removed and
for the time being decided the affair in favor of the Tagalogs. The
matter reached the Colonial Office (_Ministerio de Ultramar_) and
the Minister was not even content me