do you show that the Catholic Church is universal in time,
in place, and in doctrine?
A. (1) The Catholic Church is universal in time, for from the time of
the Apostles to the present it has existed, taught and labored in every
age; (2) It is universal in place, for it has taught throughout the
whole world; (3) It is universal in doctrine, for it teaches the same
everywhere, and its doctrines are suited to all classes of persons. It
has converted all the pagan nations that have ever been converted.

Q. 566. Why does the Church use the Latin language instead of the
national language of its children?
A. The Church uses the Latin language instead of the national language
of its children: (1) To avoid the danger of changing any part of its
teaching in using different languages; (2) That all its rulers may be
perfectly united and understood in their communications; (3) To show
that the Church is not an institute of any particular nation, but the
guide of all nations.

Q. 567. {132} How is the Church Apostolic?
A. The Church is Apostolic because it was founded by Christ on His
Apostles, and is governed by their lawful successors, and because it has
never ceased, and never will cease, to teach their doctrine.

Q. 568. Does the Church, by defining certain truths, thereby make new
doctrines?
A. The Church, by defining, that is, by proclaiming certain truths,
articles of faith, does not make new doctrines, but simply teaches more
clearly and with greater effort truths that have always been believed
and held by the Church.

Q. 569. What, then, is the use of defining or declaring a truth an
article of faith if it has always been believed?
A. The use of defining or declaring a truth an article of faith, even
when it has always been believed, is: (1) To clearly contradict those
who deny it and show their teaching false; (2) To remove all doubt about
the exact teaching of the Church, and to put an end to all discussion
about the truth defined.

Q. 570. {133} In which Church are these attributes and marks found?
A. These attributes and marks are found in the Holy Roman Catholic
Church alone.

Q. 571. How do you show that Protestant Churches have not the marks of
the true Church?
A. Protestant Churches have not the marks of the true Church, because:

(1) They are not one either in government or faith; for they have no
chief head, and they profess different beliefs; (2) They are not holy,
because their doctrines are founded on