erent in the subject; most of those of
sensation being in the mind no more the likeness of something existing
without us, than the names that stand for them are the likeness of our
ideas, which yet upon hearing they are apt to excite in us.

8. Our Ideas and the Qualities of Bodies.

Whatsoever the mind perceives IN ITSELF, or is the immediate object of
perception, thought, or understanding, that I call IDEA; and the power
to produce any idea in our mind, I call QUALITY of the subject wherein
that power is. Thus a snowball having the power to produce in us the
ideas of white, cold, and round,--the power to produce those ideas in
us, as they are in the snowball, I call qualities; and as they are
sensations or perceptions in our understandings, I call them ideas;
which IDEAS, if I speak of sometimes as in the things themselves, I
would be understood to mean those qualities in the objects which produce
them in us.

9. Primary Qualities of Bodies.

Concerning these qualities, we, I think, observe these primary ones in
bodies that produce simple ideas in us, viz. SOLIDITY, EXTENSION, MOTION
or REST, NUBMER or FIGURE. These, which I call ORIGINAL or PRIMARY
qualities of body, are wholly inseperable from it; and such as in all
the alterations and changes it suffers, all the force can be used upon
it, it constantly keeps; and such as sense constantly finds in every
particle of matter which has bulk enough to be perceived; and the mind
finds inseparable from every particle of matter, though less than to
make itself singly be perceived by our senses: v.g. Take a grain
of wheat, divide it into two parts; each part has still solidity,
extension, figure, and mobility: divide it again, and it retains
still the same qualities; and so divide it on, till the parts become
insensible; they must retain still each of them all those qualities. For
division (which is all that a mill, or pestle, or any other body, does
upon another, in reducing it to insensible parts) can never take away
either solidity, extension, figure, or mobility from any body, but only
makes two or more distinct separate masses of matter, of that which was
but one before; all which distinct masses, reckoned as so many distinct
bodies, after division, make a certain number.

10. [not in early editions]

11. How Bodies produce Ideas in us.

The next thing to be considered is, how bodies operate one upon another;
and that is manifestly by impulse, and nothin