of age

Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 7,059,079 (2000 est.)

Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 4,752,112 (2000 est.)

Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 268,646 (2000 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $1.3 billion (FY98)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2% (FY98)

@Peru:Transnational Issues

Disputes - international: demarcation of the agreed-upon border with
Ecuador was completed in May 1999

Illicit drugs: until recently the world's largest coca leaf producer,
Peru has reduced the area of coca under cultivation by 24% to 38,700
hectares at the end of 1999; most of cocaine base is shipped to
neighboring Colombia, Bolivia, and Brazil for processing into cocaine
for the international drug market, but exports of finished cocaine are
increasing by maritime conveyance to Mexico, US, and Europe

______________________________________________________________________

PHILIPPINES

@Philippines:Introduction

Background: The Philippines were ceded by Spain to the US in 1898
following the Spanish-American War. They attained their independence
in 1946 after being occupied by the Japanese in World War II. The
21-year rule of Ferdinand MARCOS ended in 1986 when a widespread
popular rebellion forced him into exile. In 1992, the US closed down
its last military bases on the islands. A quarter-century-old
guerrilla war with Muslim separatists on the island of Mindanao, which
had claimed 120,000 lives, ended with a treaty in 1996.

@Philippines:Geography

Location: Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea
and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam

Geographic coordinates: 13 00 N, 122 00 E

Map references: Southeast Asia

Area:
total: 300,000 sq km
land: 298,170 sq km
water: 1,830 sq km

Area - comparative: slightly larger than Arizona

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 36,289 km

Maritime claims: measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
continental shelf: to depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: irregular polygon extending up to 100 nm from
coastline as defined by 1898 treaty; since late 1970s has also claimed
polygonal-shaped area in South China Sea up to 285 nm in breadth

Climate: tropical marine; northeast monsoon (November to April);
southwest monsoon (May to October)

Terrain: mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal lowlands

Elevation