.

Friends

77, 1. Friends. The dialect spoken by the child in this story is the
American adaptation of the Yiddish, which is a German dialect spoken by
the Jews of eastern Europe, containing many Hebrew and Slav
expressions.

78, 1. Board of Monitors. A group of children appointed by the pupils
to help the teacher in various ways.

79, 1. Krisht. Christian.

82, 1. Rabbi. A Jewish title for a teacher or interpreter of the law,
also a pastor of a Jewish congregation. Kosher law refers to special
Jewish laws. The laws regarding food specify how animals must be
slaughtered in order that the meat may be ceremonially clean.

89, 1. Vis-a-vis. Opposite to one another.

* * * * *

HAMLIN GARLAND (Page 97)

Hamlin Garland is a poet and novelist, whose stories are set mostly in
the Middle West. He was born in 1860 on a farm near the present site of
West Salem, Wisconsin. In 1869 his family moved out on the prairie of
Mitchell County, Iowa, the scene of his _Boy Life on the Prairie_, and
of many of the stories in _Main-Traveled Roads_. The selection, "A
Camping Trip," given in this volume, is taken from _Boy Life on the
Prairie_.

Mr. Garland's education was different from that of most of his
contemporaries. When about sixteen, he became a pupil at the Cedar
Valley Seminary, Osage, Iowa, though he worked on a farm during six
months of the year. He graduated in 1881 from this school and for a
year tramped through the eastern states. His people having settled in
Brown County, Dakota, he drifted that way in the spring of 1883 and
took up a claim in McPherson County, where he lived for a year on the
unsurveyed land, making studies of the plains country, which were of
great value to him later. _The Moccasin Ranch_ and several of his short
stories resulted from this experience.

In the fall of 1884 he sold his claim and returned to the East, to
Boston, intending to qualify himself for teaching. He soon found a
helpful friend in Professor Moses True Brown, and became a pupil, and a
little later an instructor, in the Boston School of Oratory. During
years from 1885 to 1889 he taught private classes in English and
American literature, and lectured in and about Boston on Browning,
Shakespeare, the drama, etc., writing and studying meanwhile in the
public library. In Boston he made the acquaintance of Oliver Wendell
Holmes, William Dean Howells, Edward Everett Hale, Edwin Booth, and
oth