Air Force, Paramilitary Forces

Military manpower--military age: 18 years of age

Military manpower--availability:
males age 15-49: 17,486,014 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 10,536,417 (1999 est.)

Military manpower--reaching military age annually:
males: 585,562 (1999 est.)

Military expenditures--dollar figure: $1.95 billion (FY97/98)

Military expenditures--percent of GDP: 2.5% (FY97/98)

Transnational Issues

Disputes--international: parts of the border with Laos are
indefinite; maritime boundary with Vietnam resolved, August 1997;
parts of border with Cambodia are indefinite; maritime boundary with
Cambodia not clearly defined; sporadic conflict with Burma over
alignment of border

Illicit drugs: a minor producer of opium, heroin, and marijuana;
major illicit transit point for heroin en route to the international
drug market from Burma and Laos; eradication efforts have reduced
the area of cannabis cultivation and shifted some production to
neighboring countries; opium poppy cultivation has been reduced by
eradication efforts; also a drug money-laundering center; minor role
in amphetamine production for regional consumption; increasing
indigenous abuse of methamphetamines and heroin

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@Togo
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Geography

Location: Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between
Benin and Ghana

Geographic coordinates: 8 00 N, 1 10 E

Map references: Africa

Area:
total: 56,790 sq km
land: 54,390 sq km
water: 2,400 sq km

Area--comparative: slightly smaller than West Virginia

Land boundaries:
total: 1,647 km
border countries: Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km

Coastline: 56 km

Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 30 nm

Climate: tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Terrain: gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern
plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pic Agou 986 m

Natural resources: phosphates, limestone, marble

Land use:
arable land: 38%
permanent crops: 7%
permanent pastures: 4%
forests and woodland: 17%
other: 34% (1993 est.)

Irrigated land: 70 sq km (1993 est.)

Natural hazards: hot, dry harmattan wind