s 157
Club-Mosses (Lycopodium), &c. 161
Quillworts (Isoetes), Pillworts (Marsilia) 161
Azolla. Cellular Cryptogams 162
Bryophytes. Mosses (Musci) 163
Liverworts (Hepaticae) 164
Thallophytes 165
Characeae 167
Algae, Seaweeds, &c. 168
Lichenes or Lichens 171
Fungi 172

SECTION XVIII. CLASSIFICATION AND NOMENCLATURE 175

Sec. 1. KINDS AND RELATIONSHIP 175

Species, Varieties, Individuals 176
Genera, Orders, Classes, &c. 177

Sec. 2. NAMES, TERMS AND CHARACTERS 178

Nomenclature of Genera, Species, and Varieties 179
Nomenclature of Orders, Classes, &c. Terminology 180

Sec. 3. SYSTEM 181

Artificial and Natural 182
Synopsis of Series, Classes, &c. 183

SECTION XIX. BOTANICAL WORK 184

Sec. 1. COLLECTION OR HERBORIZATION 184

Sec. 2. HERBARIUM 186

Sec. 3. INVESTIGATION AND DETERMINATION OF PLANTS 187

Sec. 4. SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS 188

ABBREVIATIONS OF THE NAMES OF BOTANISTS 190

GLOSSARY COMBINED WITH INDEX 193

ELEMENTS OF BOTANY.

Section I. INTRODUCTORY.

1. BOTANY is the name of the science of the vegetable kingdom in
general; that is, of plants.

2. Plants may be studied as to their kinds and relationships. This study
is SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. An enumeration of the kinds of vegetables, as far
as known, classified according to their various degrees of resemblance
or difference, constitutes a general _System of plants_. A similar
account of the vegetables of