METCHNIKOFF, ELIE
The Nature of Man 238
The Prolongation of Life 246

MILLER, HUGH
The Old Red Sandstone 255

NEWTON, SIR ISAAC
Principia 267

OWEN, SIR RICHARD
Anatomy of Vertebrates 280

VIRCHOW, RUDOLF
Cellular Pathology 292

* * * * *

A Complete Index of THE WORLD'S GREATEST BOOKS will be found at the end
of Volume XX.

_Acknowledgment_

Acknowledgment and thanks for the use of the following selections are
herewith tendered to the Open Court Publishing Company, La Salle, Ill.,
for "Senses of Insects," by Auguste Forel; to G.P. Putnam's Sons, New
York, for "Prolongation of Human Life" and "Nature of Man," by Elie
Metchnikoff; and to the De La More Press, London, for "Hypnotism, &c.,"
by Dr. Bramwell.

_Science_

JOHN MILNE BRAMWELL

Hypnotism: Its History, Practice and Theory

John Milne Bramwell was born in Perth, Scotland, May 11, 1852. The
son of a physician, he studied medicine in Edinburgh, and after
obtaining his degree of M.B., in 1873, he settled at Goole,
Yorkshire. Fired by the unfinished work of Braid, Bernheim and
Liebeault, he began, in 1889, a series of hypnotic researches,
which, together with a number of successful experiments he had
privately conducted, created considerable stir in the medical
world. Abandoning his general practice and settling in London in
1892, Dr. Bramwell became one of the foremost authorities in the
country on hypnotism as a curative agent. His Works include many
valuable treatises, the most important being "Hypnotism: its
History, Practice and Theory," published in 1903, and here
summarised for the WORLD'S GREATEST BOOKS by Dr. Bramwell himself.

_I.--Pioneers of Hypnotism_

Just as chemistry arose from alchemy, astronomy from astrology, so
hypnotism had its origin in mesmerism. Phenomena such as Mesmer
described had undoubtedly been observed from early times, but to his
work, which extended from 1756 to his death, in 1815, we owe the
scientific interest which, after much error and self-deception, finally
led to what we now term hypnotism.

John Elliotson (1791-1868), the foremost physician of his day, was the
leader of the mesmeric movement in England. In 1837, after seeing
Dupotet's work, he commenced to experiment at University College
Hospital, and continued, with remarkable