rs he
early obtained a high reputation, and perhaps restored more valuable
instruments than any repairer of his time. The care that he took and
the judgment which he exercised in endeavouring to bring together the
various broken parts of an imperfect instrument, that the original
appearance might be maintained as closely as possible, cannot be too
highly praised. He often accomplished seeming impossibilities.
Splintered cracks were by his ingenuity closed as though no fibre had
been severed, while at other times pieces were inserted so deftly that
the most experienced eyes might fail to detect their presence. It was
with him a labour of love, and he did not scruple to spend days over
work on which others would only spend hours. He made many Violins,
several of which were given as prizes at the Paris Conservatoire. They
are well-made instruments, though heavy in appearance. They are good
serviceable instruments, and, the wood not having been browned by
baking or other injurious process, age mellows them greatly. He died
in the year 1845.

GAND, Charles Adolphe, son of Charles Francois Gand, was instructed by
his father, and succeeded, together with his brother, to the
old-established house founded by his grandfather. He died in 1866.

GAND, Charles Nicholas Eugene, Paris, brother of C. Adolphe Gand, was
a connoisseur of much experience and reputation. Upon the death of his
brother C. Adolphe he entered into partnership with Bernardel
Brothers. The firm employed many workmen, and turned out large numbers
of useful, well-made instruments, with red varnish. They were the
recipients of numerous medals and decorations. C. N. E. Gand died in
1892.

GAVINIES, Francois, Paris, about 1734.

Gavinies, rue
S. Thomas du Louvre,
a Paris, 17--

Father of Pierre Gavinies, the Violinist. Old French school. The wood
is often of excellent quality, and the varnish also. Many of these old
French makers, like our good English ones, made instruments of two
qualities, and Gavinies was one of them.

GERMAIN, Joseph Louis, born at Mirecourt in 1822. In Paris he was
employed by Francois Gand, and afterwards worked for Vuillaume, for
whom he made several choice instruments. It is to be regretted that
his exceptional abilities were not allowed to add lustre to his name,
he having made for the trade. He died in 1870.

GERMAIN, Emile, Paris. Son of the above; established in Paris as a
maker and restorer of Violins. He was, unti