nth and eighth verses, as a better
comparison. [_Author._]

[9] The variety of locust seen in India is _acridium peregrinum_, which is
said to range throughout the arid region from Algeria to N.W. India.
They have extended as far south as the Kistna District of Madras (Watt,
_Economic Dictionary_, VI, part i, 154).

[10] _Tufan_, storm, _andhi_, darkness.

[11] Earthquakes tend generally to be more frequent in the regions of
extra-peninsular India, where the rocks have been more recently folded,
than in the more stable Peninsula. Serious earthquakes have occurred
recently in Assam, June, 1897, and in Kangra, Panjab, April,
1907. (_Imperial Gazetteer of India_, 1907, i. 98 f.)

[12] Kanauj, in the Farrukhabad District, United Provinces of Agra
and Oudh. The ruin of the great city was due to attacks by Mahmud
of Ghazni, A.D. 1019, and by Shihab-ud-din, Muhammad Ghori,
in 1194.

[13] _Garm dahani_, hot inflammation, prickly heat.

[14] _Multani mitti_, 'Multan Earth', a soft, drab-coloured
saponaceous earth, like fuller's earth, used in medicine and for
cleansing the hair.

[15] Cholera (_haiza_) was known to the Hindus long before the arrival of
the Portuguese, who first described it (Yule, _Hobson-Jobson_[2], 586
ff.). The attention of English physicians was first seriously called
to it in 1817, when it broke out in the Jessore District of Bengal,
and in the camp of Marquess Hastings in the Datiya State, Central
India. (See Sleeman, _Rambles_, 163, 232.)

[16] _Zahr-mohra_, 'poison vanguard': the bezoar stone, believed to be
an antidote to poison (Yule, _Hobson-Jobson_[2], 90 f.).

[17] _Sikanjabin_, oxymel, vinegar, lime-juice, or other acid, mixed
with sugar or honey.

[18] _Loban_.

LETTER XIX

Kannoge.--Formerly the capital of Hindoostaun.--Ancient
castle.--Durability of the bricks made by the aborigines.--Prospect
from the Killaah (castle).--Ruins.--Treasures found therein.--The
Durgah Baallee Peer Kee.--Mukhburrahs.--Ancient Mosque.--Singular
structure of some stone pillars.--The Durgah Mukdoom
Jhaunneer.--Conversions to the Mussulmaun Faith.--Anecdote.--Ignorance
of the Hindoos.--Sculpture of the Ancients.--Mosque inhabited by
thieves.--Discovery of Nitre.--Method of extracting it.--Conjectures
of its produce.--Residence in the castle.--Reflections.

Kannoge, now comparatively a Native village