: NA

Transportation San Marino

Railways: 0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the
city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore

Highways: total: 220 km paved: 220 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)

Waterways: none

Ports and harbors: none

Airports: none (2001)

Military San Marino

Military branches: Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar),
Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial
duties and limited police assistance

Military expenditures - dollar figure: $700,000 (FY00/01)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP: NA%

Transnational Issues San Marino

Disputes - international: none

This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

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Singapore

Introduction

Singapore

Background: Founded as a British trading colony in 1819, Singapore joined
Malaysia in 1963, but withdrew two years later and became independent. It
subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries, with
strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's
busiest) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the leading nations
of Western Europe.

Geography Singapore

Location: Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia

Geographic coordinates: 1 22 N, 103 48 E

Map references: Southeast Asia

Area: total: 692.7 sq km water: 10 sq km land: 682.7 sq km

Area - comparative: slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington,
DC

Land boundaries: 0 km

Coastline: 193 km

Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial
sea, as defined in treaties and practice territorial sea: 3 NM

Climate: tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons -
Northeastern monsoon from December to March and Southwestern monsoon
from June to September; inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early
evening thunderstorms

Terrain: lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water
catchment area and nature preserve

Elevation extremes: lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m highest point:
Bukit Timah 166 m

Natural resources: fish, deepwater ports

Land use: arable land: 2% permanent crops: 0% other: 98% (1998 est.)

Irrigated land: NA sq km

Natural hazards: NA

Environment - current issues: industrial pollution; limited natural
fresh water resources; limited land availability presents waste disposal
problems; seas