me claims: continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of
exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

Climate: varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north

Terrain: southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus;
mountains in southeast, plains in north

Elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point:
Chappal Waddi 2,419 m

Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore,
coal, limestone, lead, zinc, arable land

Land use: arable land: 31% permanent crops: 3% other: 66% (1998 est.)

Irrigated land: 2,330 sq km (1998 est.)

Natural hazards: periodic droughts; flooding

Environment - current issues: soil degradation; rapid deforestation;
urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water,
air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of
arable land; rapid urbanization

Environment - international agreements: party to: Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of
the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban,
Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the
selected agreements

Geography - note: the Niger enters the country in the northwest and
flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta
in the Gulf of Guinea

People Nigeria

Population: 129,934,911 note: estimates for this country explicitly take
into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result
in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower
population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population
by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)

Age structure: 43.6% (male 28,503,211; female 28,156,976) 15-64 years:
(male 1,832,682; female 1,844,121) (2002 est.)

Population growth rate: 2.54% (2002 est.)

Birth rate: 39.22 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Death rate: 14.1 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Net migration rate: 0.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01
male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over:
0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

Infant mortality rate: 72.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

Life expectancy at birth: 50.6 years (2002 est.) male: Total