ight _mashas_,[248] if a cow, the half [of that sum]; if a goat or a
sheep, the half of the latter.

160. If, after having grazed, they repose there, the fine shall be
double what is above specified.

The same [rule applies] to land kept for pasture. An ass and a camel
are [in this respect] the same as a female buffalo.

161. There shall be an indemnity for the owner of the field equal in
value to the corn destroyed.[249] The herdsmen shall receive a
beating, but the cattle-owner be punished by fine, as before
mentioned.

162. No guilt attaches[250] [to the cattle-owner,] if the field[251]
be close to the public road, or to the village pasture lands,[252] and
he do not intend [the trespass]; if he do intend it, then he incurs
punishment as a thief.

163. A bull, cattle permitted to be at large,[253] a cow that has
recently calved, estrays,[254] and the like,[255] having no keeper or
brought there by accident or by act of the monarch, shall be let go
free.[256]

164. The herdsman shall, at the close of the day, give back the
cattle, in the same manner[257] as they were delivered to him: if he
be in receipt of wages, he shall replace such as have, through his
negligence, died or been lost.[258]

165. If loss accrue by fault of the herdsman, he shall be fined
thirteen _panas_ and a half, and shall make good the loss to the
owner.

166. Pasture-ground shall be allotted for cattle, such as the
villagers agree upon, or in proportion to the whole area of land, or
as the monarch wills.

A twice-born man may, in every place, appropriate as his own, grass,
fuel, and flowers.[259]

167. There shall be a space of one hundred _dhanus_[260] between a
_grama_,[261] and the [surrounding] fields, of two hundred for a
_karvata_,[261] of four hundred for a _nagara_.[261]

168. A man may seize any thing, belonging to himself, which another
has sold.[262] The purchaser incurs blame, if [he have bought]
secretly: and, if [he bought] from a low man,[263] with secrecy, for
a small price, and at an unusual hour, he is [to be accounted] a
thief.

169. If one obtain property [which he afterwards discovers to have
been] lost or stolen, he should cause the taker[264] of it to be
secured: should time or the place not permit of this being done, he
must himself restore the property [to its owner].

170. Upon his producing the seller, he [the possessor,] is himself
cleared: the owner takes the property, the monarch the fine, and the