s the case with
cylindrical cans; also, smaller shipping cases could be used. As a
further measure of economy, several packers changed from the square
"knocked-down" paper or fiber carton to the oblong carton that is made
up, filled, and sealed by automatic machinery from a flat, printed sheet
of cardboard. This type of container is generally lined or wrapped with
a moisture-proof and flavor-retaining paper.

There has been a tendency in recent years to standardize coffee packages
as a means of working out packaging and shipping economies. One of the
leading American proponents[336] of standardization said:

One of the first arguments raised against standardization is that
it eliminates individuality, and individuality is one of the big
guns covering the front line trenches in the war of competition.
The folly of recommending that every one-pound coffee carton, for
instance, should be of exactly the same size and shape is
immediately apparent; but let us not confuse such unification with
standardization.

Assuming that a pound of coffee may be safely contained in
seventy-two cubic inches, we find that a carton three inches thick
by four inches wide by six inches high will serve our purpose; and,
as an illustration of extremes, a carton three inches thick by
three inches wide by eight inches high, or one [carton] two inches
thick by six inches wide by six inches high, will each have exactly
the same cubical contents. In fact, there is an almost infinite
variety of combinations of dimensions which will contain
substantially seventy-two cubic inches.

As an example of how coffee packages can be standardized this authority
cites the following sizes of flat-sheet containers and their respective
dimensions and capacities:

THICK AND WIDE HIGH CONTENTS
Size Inches Inches Cubic Ins.
1 lb. 2-5/8 by 4-1/2 6-1/4 73.83
1/2 lb. 2-1/4 by 3-1/8 5-1/4 36.91
1/4 lb. 1-9/16 by 2-5/8 4-1/2 18.46

[Illustration: VARIOUS TYPES OF COFFEE CONTAINERS

THIS GROUP OF LEADING TRADE-MARKED COFFEES ILLUSTRATES THE WIDE VARIANCE
IN STYLES OF CONTAINERS USED BY COFFEE-ROASTERS. THE PACKAGES SHOWN ARE
AS FOLLOWS:

1--Double carton. 2, 3--Cartons. 4--Fiber sides, tin top and bottom,
friction cover. 5--Vacuum tin can. 6--Fancy paper bag.
7--Machine-wrapped paper package. 8--Fancy paper bag. 9--Carton wi