the ones sure to be seen by those who camp in the
wilderness.

Signal by Shots

The old buffalo hunters had an established signal that is yet used by
the mountain guides. It is as follows:

Two shots in rapid succession, an interval of five seconds by the watch,
then one shot; this means, "where are you?" The answer given at once and
exactly the same means "Here I am; what do you want?" The reply to this
may be one shot, which means, "All right; I only wanted to know where
you were." But if the reply repeats the first it means, "I am in serious
trouble; come as fast as you can."

Totems in Town

A totem is an emblem of a man, a group of men, or an idea. It has no
reference to words or letters.

Before men knew how to write they needed marks to indicate ownership.
This mark must be simple and legible and was chosen because of something
connected with the owner or his family. Later some of the trades adopted
a symbol; for instance the barbers in the early days were "blood
letters" and were closely associated with the medical profession. Their
totem indicate their business and we have the red and white barber pole
of today. It was among the Indians along the West coast of America that
the science and art of totems reached its highest development, though
they have a world-wide usage and go back in history to the earliest
times.

Out of this use of totems as owner marks and signs grew the whole
science of heraldry and national flags.

[Illustration: Northern Pacific R. R.]

[Illustration: Salt Lake R. R.]

[Illustration: Santa Fe R. R.]

[Illustration: Traffic Squad]

[Illustration: Bell Telephone]

[Illustration: Pawnshop]

[Illustration: Liberty]

[Illustration: Army]

[Illustration: Druggist]

[Illustration: Ireland]

[Illustration: Woodcraft]

[Illustration: Navy]

[Illustration]

[Illustration: Sea Power]

[Illustration: Optician]

[Illustration: Union Pacific R. R.]

[Illustration: Islamism]

[Illustration: Skating]

[Illustration: Star Union Lines]

[Illustration: New York City]

[Illustration: Penna. R. R.]

[Illustration: The Power of the People]

[Illustration: Canadian Pacific R. R.]

[Illustration: Barber]

[Illustration: Scotland]

[Illustration: Totems Often Seen]

Thanks to the fusion of many small armies into one or two big armies,
that is, of many tribes into a nation, and also to modern weapons which
made it possible to kill a man farther off than you c