temper."--H.P.W., Peotone,
Ill.--Query--What are the symptoms whereby a person may know the
difference between glanders, catarrh, and ordinary horse distemper?

Reply--Among the prominent symptoms of glanders may be mentioned a
discharge of purulent matter from one or both nostrils; one or both
glands on the inside of the lower jaw bones are more or less swollen,
hard and knotty. One or both nostrils are sometimes swollen and glued up
by a sticky, unhealthy looking pus, sometimes streaked with blood. On
opening the nostrils, pustules and ulcers are seen on the inner surface.
The nose may sometimes bleed. The eyes are often prominent and watery;
the coat rough and staring if the horse is in lean condition; and the
voice more or less hoarse. The appetite is not often impaired. Sooner or
later, farcy buds may appear on the head, neck, body or limbs, generally
along the inner side of the thighs. In chronic nasal catarrh or
so-called gleet, the glands between the jaw bones are very slightly, if
at all, enlarged; they are loose, not hard and knotty, as in glanders.
This ailment, which is apt to persist for months, unless properly
treated, may leave an animal in an unthrifty state, with a staring coat,
disturbed appetite, dullness at work, cough and discharge from one or
both nostrils; but there are no pustules or ragged sores or ulcers
within the nose, as in glanders. Chronic nasal gleet, however, is apt to
run into glanders; and, as there is no telling when the beginning is,
such a horse, with chronic discharge from the nose, should always be
looked upon with suspicion, and be kept away from other horses. The
difference between glanders and influenza or ordinary horse distemper,
is so marked that a mistake is not easily made. The more prominent
symptoms of distemper are as follows: With signs more or less prominent
of a general febrile condition, there is great dullness and debility,
frequent and weak pulse, scanty discharge of high-colored urine,
costiveness, loss of appetite, and a yellow appearance of the membranes
of the mouth and the eyes. The eyes appear more or less sunken, upper
lid drooping and lips hanging, giving the animal a sleepy look; there is
cough, soreness of the throat, and labored breathing; the mouth is
filled with frothy slime, the legs are cold and sometimes more or less
swollen below the knees and hocks. In the advanced stages of distemper,
there is a free discharge from both nostrils.

Brittle Hoofs