they were full
of bitterness against him, as an interloper from Scotland who had put
them to disgrace, and had turned some of them out of London to make
room for his own men. But with these also Monk had taken his
measures. Besides quartering them in the manner likeliest to prevent
harm, he had done not a little among them too by discharges and new
appointments. One of his own colonels, Charles Fairfax, had been left
at York; Colonel Rich's regiment had been given to Ingoldsby;
Walton's regiment to Viscount Howard; a Colonel Carter had been made
Governor of Beaumaris, with command in Denbighshire; the Republican
Overton had been removed from the Governorship of Hull; Mr. Morrice
had been converted into a soldier, and made Governor of Plymouth; Dr.
Clarges was Commissary General of the Musters for England, Scotland,
and Ireland; and colonelcies were found for Montague, Rossiter,
Sheffield, and Lord Falconbridge. When it is remembered that
Fleetwood, Lambert, Desborough, Berry, Kelsay, and others of the old
officers, Rumpers or Wallingford-House men, were already
incapacitated, and either in prison or under parole to the Council of
State, it will be seen that the English Army of April 1660 was no
longer its former self. There were actually Royalists now among the
colonels, men in negotiation with the King as Monk himself was.
Still, if Monk and these colonels had even now gone before most of
the regiments and announced openly that they meant to bring in the
King, they would have been hooted or torn in pieces. Even in
colloquies with the officers of his own London regiments Monk had to
keep up the Republican phraseology. Suspicions having arisen among
them, with meetings and agitations, his plan had been to calm them by
general assurances, reminding them at the same time of that principle
of the submission of the military to the civil authority which he and
they had accepted. On this principle alone, and without a word
implying desertion, of the Commonwealth, he prohibited any more
meetings or agitations, and caused strict orders to that effect from
the Council of State to be read at the head of every regiment. But an
ingenious device of Clarges went further than such prohibitions. It
was that as many of the officers as possible should be got to sign a
declaration of their submission to the civil authority, not in
general terms merely, but in the precise form of an engagement to
agitate the question of Government no more