ECONOMIC USE--BEVERAGES AND
MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES 127

XI. GUMS AND RESINS USED IN THE ARTS 141

XII. COAL AND PETROLEUM 147

XIII. METALS OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES 159

XIV. SUGAR AND ITS COMMERCE 185

XV. FORESTS AND FOREST PRODUCTS 193

XVI. SEA PRODUCTS AND FURS 203

XVII. THE UNITED STATES--THE SEAPORTS AND THE ATLANTIC
COAST-PLAIN 211

XVIII. THE UNITED STATES--THE NEW ENGLAND PLATEAU
AND THE APPALACHIAN REGION 219

XIX. THE UNITED STATES--THE BASIN OF THE GREAT LAKES
AND THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY 227

XX. THE UNITED STATES--THE WESTERN HIGHLANDS AND
TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS 247

XXI. CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND 261

XXII. MEXICO--CENTRAL AMERICA--WEST INDIES 267

XXIII. SOUTH AMERICA--THE ANDEAN STATES 275

XXIV. SOUTH AMERICA--THE LOWLAND STATES 285

XXV. EUROPE--GREAT BRITAIN AND GERMANY 295

XXVI. EUROPE--THE BALTIC AND NORTH SEA STATES 310

XXVII. EUROPE--THE MEDITERRANEAN STATES AND SWITZERLAND 320

XXVIII. EUROPE--THE DANUBE AND BALKAN STATES 335

XXIX. EUROPE-ASIA--THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE 343

XXX. THE IRAN PLATEAU AND ARABIA 349

XXXI. BRITISH INDIA AND THE EAST INDIES 358

XXXII. CHINA AND JAPAN 367

XXXIII. AFRICA 381

XXXIV. OCEANIA 391

APPENDIX 398

INDEX 399

COLORED MAPS

PAGE

PRINCIPAL TRANSPORTATION LINES AND REGIONS OF LARGEST
COMMERCE x, xi

MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL 28

CITY OF NEW YORK AND VICINITY, WI