This ceremonial was practised by previous sovereigns and discontinued
by Edward VI. Queen Mary intended to revive it, and, indeed, the
office for it was written out, but she does not appear to have carried
her intentions into effect.

[167] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with the
History and Practice of Medicine and Surgery_, pp. 154
f.

[168] E. Berdoe, _The Origin and Growth of the Healing
Art_, p. 372.

[169] _Ecclesiastical History of Great Britain_, I, p.
225.

[170] Quoted by Berdoe, _ibid._, p. 371.

[171] J. Brand, _Popular Antiquities_, pp. 257 f.

[172] T. B. Macaulay, _History of England_, III, pp. 378
f.

[173] A. D. White, _History of the Warfare of Science
with Theology_, II, p. 47.

[174] J. Brand, _Popular Antiquities_, III, p. 256.

[175] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with the
History and Practice of Medicine and Surgery_, pp.
182-184.

[176] Quoted by H. Tuke, _Influence of the Mind upon the
Body_, pp. 359 f.

[177] _Life of Johnson_, I, p. 42.

[178] _History of England_, II, p. 302.

[179] Vol. I, p. 323.

[180] W. E. H. Lecky, _History of European Morals_, I,
p. 364.

[181] This was at Versailles.

[182] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with the
History and Practice of Medicine and Surgery_, pp. 156
f.

[183] W. A. Hammond, _Spiritism and Nervous
Derangement_, p. 150.

[184] C. L. Tuckey, _Treatment by Hypnotism and
Suggestion_, p. 30.

[185] E. Berdoe, _The Origin and Growth of the Healing
Art_, p. 371.

[186] T. J. Pettigrew, _Superstitions Connected with ...
Medicine and Surgery_, p. 117.

CHAPTER X

MESMER AND AFTER

"Some deemed them wondrous wise,
And some believed them mad."--BEATTIE.

"A perfect medicine for bodies that be sick
Of all infirmities to be relieved;
This heleth nature and prolongeth lyfe eke."

Probably no one would claim that the phenomena now grouped under the
head of hypnotism were unknown before the end of the sixteenth
century. They are as old as man, yes, probably older, since we know
that some of the same phenomena apply to animals. But the claim might
well be made that while isolated facts of this kind were well known,
especially in the East, no scientific collaboration and explanation
were attempted until this time.

As with all other departments of science, we may trace a gradual
development. Astrology of ol