by whose command the unjust, inconsistent, and we may add
barbarous attack upon Republican Rome was made by Republican France.

From the moment that Mazzini set his foot again upon English ground, as a
refugee himself, he turned his thoughts toward the sufferings of his
fellow-refugees, who still gathered around him with unshaken devotedness
and admiration. By his exertions a committee was formed for "The Italian
Refugee Fund." A touching address was inserted by it in the leading
journals, wherein, after briefly setting forth the claims of the Italian
refugees upon the compassion of the public, it proceeded: "It is not the
only sorrow of the Italian exiles that a noble cause is, for the time
being, lost. Proscribed and driven from their watch over the beautiful
country of their birth and their affections, they seek a refuge here in
England, almost the only free land where they may set foot. Hunted by
their and the world's enemies, forlorn and penniless, reduced to
indigence, bereft of almost all that makes life dear, and bringing nothing
from the wreck beyond the Mediterranean Sea, but hope in the eternal might
of the principles they have upheld, the Committee appeals in their behalf
to Englishmen, for present help, that they may not die of want, where they
have found a home."

Mazzini's next care was, to found a "Society of the Friends of Italy," the
objects of which are, by public meetings, lectures, and the press, to
promote a correct appreciation of the Italian question, and to aid the
cause of the political and religious liberty of the Italian people.

Of Mazzini's private character we believe there is, among those who know
him, but one opinion, that he is the soul of honor, candid and
compassionate in his nature, and of almost woman's tenderness in his
friendships and attachments. "I have had the honor," says Thomas Carlyle,
"to know Mr. Mazzini for a series of years, and whatever I may think of
his practical insight and skill in worldly affairs, I can with great
freedom testify to all men, that he, if I have ever seen one such, is a
man of genius and virtue; a man of sterling virtue, humanity, and
nobleness of mind; one of those rare men, numerable, unfortunately, but as
units in this world, who are worthy to be called Martyr souls." Equally
honorable to him is the testimony of M. Lesseps, the French Envoy to the
Roman Republic, in the Memoir of his Mission: "I fear the less making
known here the opinion I had o