d), on March 19, 1813, the son of a small
tea-dealer. Working as a boy in a cotton-mill, he learnt
Latin by the midnight candle, and later attended medical
and Greek classes at Glasgow University, where he
qualified as doctor of medicine. He sailed as missionary
to Africa in 1840, and worked at Kuruman with Moffat,
whose daughter he married. Setting out to explore the
interior in 1849, Livingstone eventually discovered Lakes
Ngami, Shirwa, Dilolo, Bangweolo, Tanganyika, and Nyassa,
and the Rivers Zambesi, Shire, and Kasai, also the
Victoria and Murchison Falls. His scientific researches
were invaluable, his character so pure and brave that he
made the white man respected. Stanley visited and helped
him in 1871, but on May 1, 1873, he died at Ilala, and his
remains, carefully preserved by his native servants, were
brought to England and buried with great honours in
Westminster Abbey. His "Missionary Travels and Researches
in South Africa," published during his visit to England in
1857, make delightful reading, and thoroughly reflect the
inmost character of the man. There is no attempt at
literary style; the story is told with a simplicity and an
apparent unconsciousness of having done anything
remarkable that cannot fail to captivate.

My own inclination would lead me to say as little as possible about
myself. My great-grandfather fell at Culloden, my grandfather used to
tell us national stories, and my grandmother sang Gaelic songs. To my
father and the other children the dying injunction was, "Now, in my
lifetime I have searched most carefully through all the traditions I
could find of our family, and I never could discover that there was a
dishonest man among our forefathers. If, therefore, any of you or any of
your children should take to dishonest ways, it will not be because it
runs in your blood, it does not belong to you. I leave this precept
with you--Be honest."

As a boy I worked at a cotton factory at Blantyre to lessen the family
anxieties, and bought my "Rudiments of Latin" out of my first week's
wages, pursuing the study of that language at an evening school,
followed up till twelve o'clock or later, if my mother did not interfere
by jumping up and snatching the books out of my hands. Reading
everything I could lay my hands on, except novels, scientific works and
books of travel were my especial delight. Great pains had been taken by
my parents to instil the