with the recitals of the
Chronicle of the Tribulations, which leave not a single doubt as
to the persecutions which he directed against the Zealots
(_Archiv._, t. ii., pp. 257-260). Anyone who attempts to dispute
the historical worth of this proof will find a confirmation in
the bulls of August 5, 1244, and of February 7, 1246 (Potthast,
11450 and 12007). It was Crescentius, also, who obtained a bull
stating that the Basilica of Assisi was _Caput et Mater
ordinis_, while for the Zealots this rank pertained to the
Portiuncula (1 Cel., 106; 3 Soc., 56; Bon., 23; 2 Cel., 1, 12;
_Conform._, 217 ff). (See also on Crescentius, Glassberger, ann.
1244, _An. fr._, p. 69; Sbaralea, _Bull. fr._, i., p. 502 ff;
_Conform._, 121b. 1.) M. Mueller has been led into error through
a blunder of Eccleston, 9 (_An. fr._, i., p. 235). It is evident
that the chapter of Genoa (1244) could not have pronounced
against the _Declaratio Regulae_ published November 14, 1245. On
the contrary, it is Crescentius who called forth this
_Declaratio_, against which, not without regret, the Zealots
found a majority of the chapter of Metz (1249) presided over by
Giovanni of Parma, a decided enemy of any _Declaratio_
(_Archiv._, ii., p. 276). This view is found to be confirmed by
a passage of the Speculum Morin (Rouen, 1509), f^o 62a: _In hoc
capitulo (Narbonnae) fuit ordinatum quod declaratio D.
Innocentii, p. iv., maneat suspensa sicut in Capitulo_ METENSI.
_Et praeceptum est omnibus ne quis utatur ea in iis in quibus
expositioni D. Gregorii IX. contradicit._

[36] Published with all necessary scientific apparatus by F.
Ehrle, S. J., in his studies _Zur Vorgeschichte des Concils von
Vienne_. _Archiv._, ii., pp. 353-416; iii., pp. 1-195.

[37] See, for example, _Archiv._, iii., p. 53 ff. Cf. 76.
_Adduxi verba et facta b. Francisci sicut est aliquando in
legenda et sicut a sociis sancti patris audivi et in cedulis
sanctae memoriae fratris Leonis legi manu sua conscriptis, sicut
ab ore beati Francisci audivit._ Ib., p. 85.

[38] _Haec omnia patent per sua [B. Francisci] verba expressa per
sanctum fratrem virum Leonem ejus socium tam de mandato sancti
patris quam etiam de devotione praedicti fratris fuerunt
solemniter