nd 16-1/2 lb. in weight.
They are provided with holes for the thumb and middle finger. As many
may play on a side as please, five being the number for championship
teams, though this sometimes varies. Each player rolls three balls,
called a _frame_, and ten frames constitute a game, unless otherwise
agreed upon. In first-class matches two balls only are rolled. If all
ten pins are knocked down by the first ball the player makes a _strike_,
which counts him 10 plus whatever he may make with the first two balls
of his next frame. If, however, he should then make another strike, 10
more are added to his score, making 20, to which are added the pins he
may knock down with his first ball of the third frame. This may also
score a strike, making 30 as the score of the first frame, and, should
the player keep up this high average, he will score the maximum, 300, in
his ten frames. If all the pins are knocked down with two balls it is
called a _spare_, and the player may add the pins made by the first ball
of his second frame. This seemingly complicated mode of scoring is
comparatively simple when properly lined score-boards are used. Of
course, if all three balls are used no strike or spare is scored, but
the number of pins overturned is recorded. The tens of thousands of
bowling clubs in the United States and Canada are under the jurisdiction
of the American Bowling Congress, which meets once a year to revise the
rules and hold contests for the national championships.

Several minor varieties of bowling are popular in America, the most in
vogue being "Cocked Hat," which is played with three pins, one in the
head-pin position and the others on either corner of the back row. The
pins are usually a little larger than those used in the regular game,
and smaller balls are used. The maximum score is 90, and all balls,
even those going into the gutter, are in play. "Cocked hat and
Feather" is similar, except that a fourth pin is added, placed in the
centre. Other variations of bowling are "Quintet," in which five pins,
set up like an arrow pointed towards the bowler, are used; the "Battle
Game," in which 12 can be scored by knocking down all but the centre,
or king, pin; "Head Pin and Four Back," in which five pins are used,
one in the head-pin position and the rest on the back line; "Four
Back"; "Five Back"; "Duck Pin"; "Head Pin," with nine pins set up in
the old-fashioned way, and "Candle Pin," in which