1250 and 1256; but apparently it
is an unfinished work. This may be due to the fact that when he ceased
to be a member of the king's central court Bracton was ordered to
surrender certain judicial records which he had been using as raw
material. Even though it be unfinished his book is incomparably the best
work produced by any English lawyer in the middle ages.

The treatise was published in 1569 by Richard Tottel. This text was
reprinted in 1640. An edition (1878-1883) with English translation
was included in the Rolls Series. Manuscript copies are numerous, and
a critical edition is a desideratum. See Bracton's _Note-Book_ (ed.
Maitland, 1887); _Bracton and Azo_ (Selden Society, 1895).
(F. W. M.)

BRADAWL (from "brad," a flat nail, and "awl," a piercing tool), a small
tool used for boring holes (see TOOL).

BRADDOCK, EDWARD (1695?-1755), British general, was born in Perthshire,
Scotland, about 1695. He was the son of Major-General Edward Braddock
(d. 1725), and joined the Coldstream Guards in 1710. In 1747 as a
lieutenant-colonel he served under the prince of Orange in Holland
during the siege of Bergen-op-Zoom. In 1753 he was given the colonelcy
of the 14th foot, and in 1754 he became a major-general. Being appointed
shortly afterwards to command against the French in America, he landed
in Virginia in February 1755. After some months of preparation, in which
he was hampered by administrative confusion and want of resources, he
took the field with a picked column, in which George Washington served
as a volunteer officer, intended to attack Fort Duquesne (Pittsburg,
Pa.). The column crossed the Monongahela river on the 9th of July and
almost immediately afterwards fell into an ambuscade of French and
Indians. The troops were completely surprised and routed, and Braddock,
rallying his men time after time, fell at last mortally wounded. He was
carried off the field with difficulty, and died on the 13th. He was
buried at Great Meadows, where the remnant of the column halted on its
retreat to reorganize. (See SEVEN YEARS' WAR.)

BRADDOCK, a borough of Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., on the
Monongahela river, 10 m. S.E. of Pittsburg. Pop. (1890) 8561; (1900)
15,654, of whom 5111 were foreign-born; (1910 census) 19,357. Braddock
is served by the Pennsylvania, the Baltimore & Ohio, and the Pittsburg &
Lake Erie railways. Its chief industry is the manufacture of
steel--especially